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Line 3857 - Commentary Note (CN)

Commentary notes (CN):

1. SMALL CAPS Indicate editions. Notes for each commentator are divided into three parts:

In the 1st two lines of a record, when the name of the source text (the siglum) is printed in SMALL CAPS, the comment comes from an EDITION; when it is in normal font, it is derived from a book, article, ms. record or other source. We occasionally use small caps for ms. sources and for works related to editions. See bibliographies for complete information (in process).

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3. Original comment. When the second line is blank after the writer's siglum, we are signaling that we have not seen that writer's gloss prior to that date. We welcome correction on this point.

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6. References to other lines or other works. For a writer's reference to a passage elsewhere in Ham. we provide, in brackets, Through Line Numbers (TLN) from the Norton F1 (used by permission); we call these xref, i.e., cross references. We call references to Shakespearean plays other than Ham. “parallels” (//) and indicate Riverside act, scene and line number as well as TLN. We call references to non-Shakespearean works “analogues.”

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Notes for lines 2951-end ed. Hardin A. Aasand

For explanation of sigla, such as jen, see the editions bib.

3857 For. {This} <His> quarry cries on hauock, ô {prou’d} <proud> death

1617 Minsheu

Minsheu

3857 hauock] Minsheu (1617, rpt. 1978, Havocke): “G. Rauáge, ex ráge, I rabies. Vi. Spoile.”

3857 hauock] Minsheu (1617, rpt. 1978, Spoile): “L. Spolium. Vi. Bootie.”

3857 hauock] Minsheu (1617, rpt. 1978, bootie): “or praie. B. Buet, Bayt. G. Butín, illáge, à piller, I. expiláre, q. ne pilum quidem relinquere. Proye, à Lat: præda I. Bottíno, Préda. H. Botin, Présa, à Belg: buyten . . . “

1668 Skinner

Skinner

3857 hauock] Skinner (1668, havock): “Strages, Cædes, Ruina, sic dicta à Crudeli illa & rapace ave quæ AS. [havoc], nobis Hawk, Accipiter sc. dicitur, v. hawk.”

1733 theo1

theo1

3857-8 This . . . cell] Theobald (ed. 1733) :: “This Epithet [3858: eternall cell], I think, has no great Propriety here. I have chose the Reading of the old Quarto Editions, infernal . This communicates an Image suitable to the Circumstance of the Havock, which Fortinbras looks on and would represent in a light of Horror. Upon the Sight of so many dead Bodies, he exclaims against Death as an execrable, riotous, Destroyer; and as preparing to make a savage, and hellish Feast.”

1743 mF3

mF3

3857 This quarry] Anon. (ms. notes in F3, 1734) : “His quarry]] The edit[ion] reads This quarry—a quarry a term of Hawking. The Hawk stoops a quarry, or siezes his prey. Havock, ruine, slaughter, from whence comes the word Hawk. A bird of slaughter.”

1755 John

John

3857 hauock] Johnson (1755, havock): “interj. [from the noun Havock, meaning waste, wide and general devastation; merciless destruction] A word of encouragement to slaughter. ‘Why stand these royal fronts amazed thus? Cry havock kings!’ Até by his side, Cries haock! and lets loose the dogs of war.’ Shakespeare.”

1765 john1

john1

3857cries on hauock] Johnson (ed. 1765) : : “To cry on, was to exclaim against. I suppose, when unfair sportsmen destroyed more quarry or game than was reasonable, the censure was, to cry, Hauock. “

1770 han3

han3

3857 hauock] Hanmer (ed. 1770, 6:Glossary): “when no quarter was to be given, in old times Havock was the word. Si quis inventus fuerit, qui clamorem inceperit, qui vocatur Havock. Black book of the admiralty.”

1773 v1773

v1773 = john1

3857 hauock]

1774 capn

capn

3857cries on hauock] Capell (1774:1:1:149-50) : meaning—that the floor was so cover’d, it look’d like a field of battle the crying of hauock; the slain heap “cries on hauock “ to own it.”

≈ “Not from his mouth (l. 7 in the opposite page) is spoke pointing to the King. ≈ “noblesse “ is a correction of the third and last moderns’: and “ rights of memory ,” in the second line after, mean--well-known rights, /rights the world might remember./ to be moved to relevant TLN

1774 capn

3857 hauock] Capell (1779-83 [1774]:1:1:Glossary) : “[JC 3.1.275 (1502) & KJ 2.1.357(670)] the Signal or Word given for putting all to the Sword in the Wars of old Time. v. SKINNER. The Word is us’d now in the Sense of—Waste, or Spoil; and to hauock signifies—to spoil, or make Waste of.”

1778 v1778

v1778 = v1773

3857 hauock]

1785 v1785

v1785 = v1778

3857 hauock]

1787 ann

ann = v1785

3857 hauock]

1790 mal

mal = v1785 +

3857cries on hauock] Malone (ed. 1790, 10:Appendix, p. 686): <p. 686>“We have the same phraseology in [Oth. 5.1.48 [ (3142)’‘-—Whose noise is this, that cries on murder” See the note there. MALONE”

1791- rann

rann

3857 hauock] Rann (ed. 1791-) : “ This slaughtered heapis a proof that no quarter hath been granted here— cries on .”

1793 v1793

v1793 = mal

3857 hauock]

1803 v1803

v1803 = v1793

3857 hauock]

1813 v1813

v1813 = v1803

3857 hauock]

1818 Todd

Todd = John +

3857 Havock. †interj. [from the noun Havock, meaning waste, wide and general devastation; merciless destruction] A word of encouragement to slaughter, a term formerly mmeaning that no quarter would be given. ‘Why stand these royal fronts amazed thus? Cry havock kings! Até by his side, Cries haock! and lets loose the dogs of war.’ Shakespeare.”

1819 Jackson

Jackson

3857cries on hauock] Jackson (1819, p. 364) : <p. 364>“Fortinbras, ignorant of the true cause that exposes to his view the tragic scene, thinks treason has been practised, and that it is his duty to punish the traitors. In my opinion, we should read: ‘This quarry cries,—On hauock!’ i.e. This princely blood cries out for vengeance: as the havock is begun, so must it be continued against the traitors.

“In [JC3.1.275 (1502)] we meet the same phrase, and similarly applied: ‘And Cœsar’s spirit, ranging for revenge, With Até by his side, come hot from hell, Shall in these confines, with a monarch’s voice, Cry hauock!’”</p. 364>

1819 cald1

cald1

3857cries on hauock] Caldecott (ed. 1819) : “This heap of prey (see quarry, [Mac 4.3.207(2091)] Rosse) proclaims that, which is the signal of desolation in war, hauoc . The phrase, cries on , is much in the same way applied to murder in [Oth. Oth. 5.1.48(3142) Iago:‘Whose noise is this, that cries on murder?”

1821 v1821

v1821

3857 quarry] Boswell (ed. 1821, 21:Glossary): “game that has been killed.”

1822 Nares

Nares

3857 quarry] Nares (1822; rev. & enl. 1876; 1905, quarrie, or quarry): “Anything hunted by dogs, hawks, or otherwise; the game or prey sought. The etymology has been variously attempted, but with little success. From the following example, we may perhaps infer, that quarry was originally the square, or inclosure (carrée), into which the game was driven (as is still practised in other countries), and that the application of it to the game there caught, was a natural extension of the term; which gradually became applied to game of all kinds. ‘The vii of Auguste was made a generall huntyng, with a toyle raysed, of foure or five myles in lengthe, so that many a deere that day was brought to the quarrie.’ Holinshed, vol. ii, Pppp8, col. 1,a. The word has been common in poetical use, in all ages of our language, and even now is not quite disused. It was particularly used in falconry: ‘The stone-dead quarry falls so forciblye, That it rebounds against the lowly plaine.’ Spens. F.Q.II.xi, 43. †When I was a freshman at Oxford 1642 I was wont to go to Christ Church to see king Charles I. at supper, where I once heard him say, That as he was hawking in Scotland, he rode into the quarry, and found the covy of partridges falling upon the hawk; and I do remember this expression further viz. ‘and I wills wear upon the book ‘tis true.’ When I came to my chamber, I told this story to my tutor; said he, ‘That covey was London.’ Aubrey’s Miscellanies, p. 38. †’An hollow chrystal pyramid he takes, In firmamental waters dipt above; Of it a broad extinguisher he makes, And hoods the flames that to their quarry strove.’ Dryden’s Annus Mirabilis, 4to. 1688, p. 71.”

1826 sing1

sing1= john1 ; cald1(Mac. //) +

3857cries on hauock] Singer (ed. 1826) : “Quarry was the term used for a heap of slaughtered game. See [Mac. 4.3.207(2091)].”

1826- msing

msing

3857cries on hauock] Singer (ms. notes in Singer, ed. 1826, n. 53): “havock was the cry formerly raised by the victorious in battle when no quartes was to be given. The depiction of ‘quarry’ is correct for example: ‘Earl Piercy to the quarry went To view the fallen deer &c’ tho it also meant the ‘game’ at which a hawk was set fly also the reward given the hounds af[te]r tak[in]g the game ; tak[in]g it how even in Johnson’s sense we have the passage’—’This map of bleed[in]g. & dead bodies is [illeg: words?] to man the battlefield”.—”

1832 cald2

cald2 = cald1

3857cries on hauock] Caldecott (ed. 1819) : “This heap of prey (see quarry, [Mac Mac 4.3.207(2091) Sold. & 4.3.? (0000)] Rosse, and [Cor.1.1.197 (210) Marc.)) exclaims, and as with an unceasing voice proclaims that, which is the signal of desolation in war, hauoc. The phrase, cries on , is much in the same way applied to murder in [Oth. 5.1.48(3142)] Iago:‘Whose noise is this, that cries on murder?”

1833 valpy

valpy ≈ standard

3857 hauock] Valpy (ed. 1833): “Heap of dead.”

valpy ≈ standard

3857 cries on] Valpy (ed. 1833): “Exclaims against.”

1854 del2

del2

3857cries on hauock] Delius (ed. 1819) : “Quarry, eigentlich das zum Schluss der Jagd aufgehäufte erlegte Wild, wird dann auch übertragen auf ‘aufgehäufte Leichen’ und bezeichnet endlich das Gemetzel selbst.—Havock, zunächst der Ruf des Signals zur Niedermachung des Feindes im Gefecht, ohne Pardon, wird dann substantivish von solcher erbarmungslosen Erwürgung des besiegten Feindes Gebraucht.” [“Quarry , particularly the slain wild at the end of the hunt heaped up, will than also carry forward to the heaped up corpses and describes finally the slaughter itself. Havock , next to the cry of the signal to the massacre of the enemies in the duel, without excuse, will be then the substantive of such merciless strangling of the besieged enemies”]

1856 sing2

sing2 = sing1

3857 hauock]

1857 N&Q

[L.X.R.]

3857quarry] Anon. [L.X.R.] (1857, 44): <p. 44> “Your correspondent appears to doubt whether critics are borne out by the use of the language in explaining Quarry—[Cor. (210)]—as “a heap of dead game.’

“The word is clearly so meant, in the elder Ballad of Chevy Chase: ‘The begane in Chyviat the hyls abone Yerly on a monnyn day; Be that it drewe to the oware off none A hondrith fat hartes ded ther lay. The blew† a mot uppone the bent, The semblyd on sydis shear; To the QUYRRY the Perse went To se the bryttlynge off the deare.’

“As the earl goes to witness that crowning play of our ancient woodcraft, the BREAKING, as it was, also, called— or artistic dismemberment of the deer; the quarry must, here, have been the hundred slain deer, as they lay, gathered ready for brytling, but, as yet, unbroken.

“The Mot—not Mort,—as Percy has too hastily altered the text, given him by Hearne, from the manuscript—was the note blown for the purpose of collecting the straggled company: and the minstrel shows them obeying the jocund call.” </p. 44>

1858 Lloyd

Lloyd

3857 Lloyd (1858, sig. 2R2r): <sig. 2R2r> “He is the centre and the cause moreover of a series of events at the conclusion of which a larger proportion of the principal agents have met with violent deaths—the King, the Queen, Polonius, Laertes, Ophelia, and Hamlet, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern,—than in any other of the Tragedies. Whence is this? it is nothing more than an expression of the natural effect when powerful but ill-harmonized energies are led into or step into a combination they are too irreguar to master and conduct. Such interference only enhances complication or checks it by fits and starts that sometimes fall at random and are speedily exhusted; the catastrophe struggles to its own extrication through manifold lapse and disaster, aggravated and prolonged, and naturally involves at last the guilty and some that re chiefly unfortunate, and the author lastly, who but for our sympathies must stand equivocally between the two.” </sig. 2R2r>

1857 elze1

elze1: mcol1 ; han1 ; Nares : john1 ; Halliwell

3857quarry] Elze (ed. 1857, 262-3): <p. 262>"So lesen QB folgg. und MC. Fs: His quarry &c.—’Quarry’ ((nach Nares vom franz. Carrée, </p. 262> <p. 263>nach Andern vom latein. Quærere)) ist jedes gejagte und erlegte Wild; ’havock’ von Ags. Hafoc=Verwüstung, Zerstörung, war der Kriegsruf, wenn kein Quartier gegeben wurde. ’To cry havock’ kommt bei Shakespeare öfter vor: K. John II, 2: Cry havock, kings; Julius Cæsar III, 1: And Cæsar’s spirit Shall cry havock &c.; coriolanus III. I: Do not cry havock, where you should but hunt With modest warrant. Johnson sage zwar ’to cry on’ sei so viel als ’to exclaim against’, allein es fehlt an sichern Belegen für diese Bedeutung, da die von Malone beige-brachte Stelle Othello V, 1: Whose noise is this, that cries on murder? In Collier’s ein. Ausg. Lautet: that cries out murder. Mehr Beachtung möchte Sir t. Hanmer’s Verbesserungsvorschlag: This quarry cries out havock, verdienen; allein nicht das erlegte Wild, sondern der Jäger ruft: Havock. Wir halten die Stelle für verderbt und bekennen uns ausser Stande, die Schwierigkeit zu lösen.—Vgl. Nares s. Quarry. Halliwell Dict. S. Havock. Mommsen P.-S. 88." ["This quarry]] So read Q2ff and mCOL1. Ff: His quarry &c.—’Quarry’ ((according to Nares from French carrée, following change from Latin quærere)) ist however the hunted and slain wild; ’havock’ from A.S. hafoc=devastation, destruction, was a battlecry when no quarter would be given. ’To cry havock’ appears often in Shakespeare . . . Johnson says indeed ’to cry on’ is so much as ’to exclaim aginast," alone missing in certain proof for this meaning, if those from Malone’s introduced passages . . . in Collier’s bound edition appears ’that cries out murder." Hanmer’s suggested correction might deserve further consideration, ’This quarry cries out havock,’; alone not the slain wild but instead the hunter’s cry, ’Havock.’ We believe this passage as corrupted and recognize our position the difficulty of solving. —Compare Nares s. Quary. Halliwell Dict. S. Havock. Mommsen P.=s. 88."

1858 col3

col3 : standard

3857quarry] Collier (2nd ed. 1858: 6: Glossary): “destruction.”

1860 Walker

Walker

3857 This quarry] Walker (1860, II:221): Walker cites this TLN as an example of his and this confounded.

3857 quarry] Walker (2:324) conjectures that quarry may have rhymed with varry in Drayton’s Muses’ Elysium, ix, p. 79. Spenser in the Mutabilitie Cantos rhymes carrie, tarry, and vary.(see Canto 2, St. xxi).

1861 wh1

wh1 ≈ cald2

3857cries on hauock] White (ed. 1861) : “i.e. this heap of dead proclaims an indiscriminate slaughter. See the Note on ‘I’ll make a quarry,’ &c., [Cor. 1.1.197 (210)].”

1864 GLO

glo ≈ standard

3857quarry] Clark & Wright (ed. 1864, Glossary) : “ sb. game, a heap of game.” [Cor.1.1.197 (210)].”

1864-68 c&mc

c&mc ≈ standard

3857 Clarke & Clarke (ed. 1864-68, rpt. 1874-78): “‘Quarry’ was the term for a heap of slaughtered game. See Note 84, Act iv., [Mac.] ‘Cries on’ is ‘exclaims against’ or ‘proclaims,’ ‘anounces.’ See passage referred to in note 74, Act ii, [AYL,’ and Note 37, Act v, [R3]. ‘Havoc’ was the word for profuse and indiscriminate destruction. See Note 50, Act ii, [Jn].”

c&mc ≈ standard

3857quarry] Clarke (ed. 1864, Glossary): “A heap of dead game . . . Shakespere makes the soldier use the words ‘his damned quarry’ for Macdonwald’s heap of Kernes and Gallowglasses doomed to become the slaughtered prey of Macbeth.”

c&mc ≈ standard

3857 cries on] Clarke (ed. 1864, Glossary)”To cry on Victory, to cry on Havock, to cry on Murder, are used by Shakespeare; and the verb seems to stand for hailing, invoking, or proclaiming.”

1867 Ktly

Ktly

3857 quarry] Keightley (1867, p. 418): <p. 418> “(curée, Fr., curata, It. See Bocc. Thes. vii. 76, Orl. Inn. ii.10, 60), properly the entrails of the game, the part given to the hounds; a heap or pile of slaughtered game ([Ham. 5.2.366 (3857), Mac. 4.3.207(2091), Cor. 1.1.197(210)]. It was also used of the game itself even while afoot.” </p. 418>

1869 Romdahl

Romdahl : Nares

3857 quarry] Romdahl (1869, p. 44): <p. 44>“O.E. querre, queery, from Fr. curée, denoted properly, like curée, the entrails of the killed game, which at the close of chase were given to the dogs; afterwards, a heap of game killed, and so here, with allusion to the heap of dead bodies.— Nares1 ) says: ‘the word has been comon in poetical use, in all ages of our language, and even now is not quite disused’. Compare the signification of the word in [Cor. 1.1.197 (210)].” </p. 44>

1869 tsch

tsch : Romdahl? ; or Romdahl from tsch?

3857 quarry] Tschischwitz (ed. 1869): “quarry ist wohl nichts weiter als fr. carrée, d.h. das beim Treibjagen gebildete Viereck, der Kessel, in dem schliesslich das Wild in grosser Menge erlegt wird. So berichtet Holinshed (Nares p. 639): The VII of Auguste was made a general huntyng, with a toyle rayed, of four or five miles in length, so that many a deere that day was brought to the quarry. Davon übertrug sich der Ausdruck leicht auf das erlegte Wild selbst.” [“quarry is indeed not as broad as the French carrée, that is the square built next to the battue, the kettle, in which finally the game is played in great number. So Holinshed reports (Nares p. 639). The VII of Auguste was made a general huntyng, with a toyle rayed, of four or five miles in length, so that many a deere that day was brought to the quarry. From there, the expression easily became extended to the game itself placed [[there]].”]

1872 del4

del4 = del2

3857 hauock]

1872 cln1

cln1

3857 quarry] Clark & Wright (ed. 1872): “literally, the game hunted. Randle Holme, in his Academy of Armory (Book II, c.xi. p. 240), defines it as ‘the Fowl which the Hawk flyeth at, whether dead or alive.’ Here it denotes the pile of dead.”

cln1 : cald2 (see n. hauock)

3857 cries on] Clark & Wright (ed. 1872): “Compare [Oth. 5.1.48 (3142)]: ‘Whose noise is this that cries on murder?’”

cln1

3857 hauock] Clark & Wright (ed. 1872): “ Compare [Cor. 3.1.275 (2007)]: ‘Do not cry havoc, where you should but hunt With modest warrant.’ And [JC 3.1.273 (1502)]: ‘Cry Havoc, and let slip the dogs of war.’ ‘This quarry cries on havoc’ seems to mean, this pile of corpses urges to merciless slaughter, where no quarter is given.’ In the Statutes of Warre, &c., by King Henry VIII (1513), quoted in Todd’s ed. of Johnson’s Dictionary, it is enacted, ‘That noo man be so hardy to crye havoke, upon payne of hyum that is so founde begynner, to dye therefore; and the remenaunt to be emprysoned, and theyr bodyes punyshed at the kynges will.’ See also the Ordinances of War of Richard II and Henry V, published int he Black Book of the Admiralty (ed. Twiss), I. 455, 462). The etymology of the word is purely conjectural. Some derive it from the Welsh hafog, destruction); others from the A.S. hafoc, a hawk; others from the French hai, voux! a cry to hounds.”

1872 hud2

hud2

3857 cries on hauock] Hudson (ed. 1872): “To cry on was to exclaim against. —Quarry was the term used for a heap of slaughtered game.”

1873 rug2

rug2 : Gervinus (see note below)

3857 Moberly (ed. 1873): “‘This game has been wastefully slain,’ a sporting term, as Gervinus says, meaning that game useless from its amount and quality has been killed by unpractised sportsmen. Was the unpractised sportsman Hamlet, whose remissness in following out his revenge has cost so many lives besides the one life needed? So Gervinus thinks; let the reader judge. See the note on 414 [n. 3904ff].”

1877 v1877

v1877

3857 quarry] Furness (ed. 1877): “The game killed. See [Mac. 4.3.206 (2091)].”

v1877 = john1; ≈ cald (only Oth.//) ; wh1 (only “this heap . . . slaughter”) ; ≈ cln1 (minus Cor. , JC //s)

3857 cries on] Clark & Wright (apud Furness, ed. 1877): “‘This pile of corpses urges to merciless slaughter, where no quarter is given.’ In the Statutes of Warre, &c., by King Henry VIII (1513), quoted in Todd’s ed. of Johnson’s Dict, it is enacted, ‘That noo man be so hardy to crye havoke, upon payne of hyum that is so founde begynner, to dye therefore; and the remenaunt to be emprysoned, and theyr bodyes punyshed at the kynges will.’ See also the Ordinances of War of Richard II and Henry V, published int he Black Book of the admiralty (ed. Twiss), I. 455, 462). The etymology of the word is purely conjectural. Some derive it from the Welsh hafog, destruction); others from the A.S. hafoc, a hawk; others from the French hai, voux! a cry to hounds.”

1877 Gervinus

Gervinus

3857ff Gervinus (1877, p. 582): <p. 582>“This has been declared to be a kind of barbarous, bloody tragedy, worthy of a rude age, all the characters at last being thus swept from the stage. But in so doing it was the aim of the poet to use this unnecessary bloodshed as part of the characterisation as well as punishment of his hero, who had not courage to shed necessary blood. Shakespeare himself has said this with distinct consciousness. The king asks Laertes wheter it is ‘writ in his revenge, that, sweepstake, he will draw both friend and foe, winner and loser?’ The master of revenge, little conscientious as he is, is satified with the punishment of the one guilty one. But the conscientious Hamlet contrives that he, as the king designated it, should at once blow actually destroy all by his clumsy revenge. With one single significant word the poet evidently intimates his deep design at the end, and his reference to that question of the king to Laertes. Over the heaps of dead, Fortinbras exlaims, ‘this quarry cries on havock!’ a word which in sporting language signifies that game, useless from its amount and quality, which is killed by unpractised sportsmen; as here by the unskilful avenger. thus then this bloody conclusion is not the consequence of an æsthetic fault on the part of the poet, but of a moral fault on that of his Hamlet, a consequence which the sense of the whole play and the design of this character aim at from the first.” </p. 582>

1881 hud3

hud3≈ hud2

3857 cries on hauock] Hudson (ed. 1881): “Quarry, a term of the chaste, was used for a heap of dead game. To cry on, as before noted, is to exclaim, or cry out, against. Havoc here means indiscriminate slaughter. To shout havoc! in a battle, was signal for giving no quarter to the enemy. See page 72, note 41.”

1882 elze2

elze2 : john1 ; hud2?

3857 cries on hauock] Elze (ed. 1882): “North’s Plutarch (1595), p. 764: havoke. Which may have been Shakespeare’s spelling?—The meaning of this sentence is still unexplained, although the meanings of its single words seem plain enough. Quarry (French corée, currée, Italian corata, Spanish corada, from Latin cor) properly signifies the heart and other entrails of the game which were the due of either hounds or hawks; in a wider sense it denotes the game killed, especially when heaped together, and, in the present case, it means the pile of the dead. Havock, from whatever root it may have been derived, was the ‘cry originally used in hunting, but afterward in war as the signal for indiscriminate slaughter’, whence it acquired the sense of general and merciless slaughter. To cry on is said by Dr. Johnson to be equivalent to exclaiming against somebody or something. The meaning in the text, according to Mr. Hudson ad loc, would therefore be: ‘This pile of corpses cries out against indiscrimate slaughter’, which seems so overstrained and artificial a thought, that I cannot think it to be what the poet meant to say.”

1883 wh2

wh2

3857 cries on hauock] White (ed. 1883): “cries on = cries out. The quarry (=the heap of dead) proclaims the havoc that has been made.”

1885 macd

macd ≈ standard

3857 quarry] MacDonald (ed. 1885):

macd

3857 hauock] MacDonald (ed. 1885): “‘Havoc’s victims cry out against him.’”

1885 mull

mull : mob ; cln1 +

3857 Mull (ed. 1885): “The same editors [cln1] also remark, ‘There are two or three passages in which Shakespeare seems to use the word ‘eternal’ as equivalent to ‘infernal.’ See Act I. Sc. V.21.”

1889 Barnett

Barnett

3857 hauock] Barnett (1889, p. 64): <p. 64> “destruction. Cf. [JC 3.1.273 (1502)]—’Cry Havoc, and let slip the dogs of war.’ From Sax. hafoc, a hawk, or Welsh, hafoc, destruction.” </p. 64>

1890 irv2

irv2 : standard

3857 quarry] Symons (in Irving & Marshall, ed. 1890): “the game killed.”

irv2 : ≈ v1877 (clarendon Henry VIII //)+ magenta underlined

3857 Symons (in Irving & Marshall, ed. 1890): “Compare [JC 3.1.273 (1502)]: ‘Cry ‘Havoc!’ and let slip the dogs of war.’ The meaning of the phrase here seems to be: ‘This heap of dead urges to an indiscriminate slaughter.’

1891 oxf1

oxf1: standard

3857 hauock] Craig (ed. 1891: Glossary): “interj. to cry ‘havoc!’ signifies to give no quarter. [JC 3.1.2l73 (1502)].”

oxf1: standard

3857 quarry] Craig (ed. 1891: Glossary): “sub. heap of slaughtered game [Fr. curce].” [Mac. 4.3.206 (2091).”

1899 ard1

ard1 ≈ v1877 (wh1 “This heap . . . slaughter” ; cln1 (Oth.//)) w/o attribution ; v1877 (cln1 “This pile . . . slaughter”) +

3857 cries on hauock] Dowden (ed. 1899): “[R3 5.3.231 (3696)].”

1900 ev1

ev1

3857cries on hauock] Herford (ed. 1900): "urges to ruthless slaughter. This is more in the character of Fortinbras than the possible alternative, ’cries out against the butchery.’"

1905 rltr

rltr : standard

3857 hauock]

rltr : standard

3857 quarry]

1906 nlsn

nlsn: standard

3857 quarry] Neilson (ed. 1906, Glossary)

nlsn: standard

3857 cries on] Neilson (ed. 1906, Glossary): “shout, [Ham. 3857].”

nlsn: standard

3857 hauock] Neilson (ed. 1906, Glossary)

1929 trav

trav

3857 prou’d death] Travers (ed. 1929): “Proud, laying the highest low and making them thy spoils. Cp. King John, IV, iii, 35, where Pembroke, seeing the body of Arthur, exclaims:’0 death, made proud with pure and princely beauty.”

1931 crg1

crg1 ≈ standard

3857cries on hauock]

crg1 ≈ standard

3857 quarry]

1934 rid1

rid1 : standard

3857 quarry] Ridley (ed. 1934, Glossary):

rid1 : standard

3857cries on hauock] Ridley (ed. 1934, Glossary): “proclaims (or (?) urges) general slaughter.”

1934 cam3

cam3 : standard

3857 cries on] Wilson (ed. 1934, Glossary): “(trans. vb.), cry aloud, exclaim (in joy or terror). App. not the same as ‘cry on’ = exclaim against, or ‘cry on’ = yeld like a hound on the scent (cf. 4.5.109). Cf. Oth. 5.1.48 (3142) ‘what noise is this that cries on murder’; [R3 5.3.231 (3696)] ‘cried on victory.’ N.E.D. misses this meaning.”

3857 quarry] Wilson (ed. 1934, Glossary): “a heap of slain hart or der after a hunt (cf. Cor. 1.1.202-04 (210) ‘I’d make a quarry/With thousands of these quarter’d slaves, as high/As I could pick my lance’;

cam3 ≈ standard (perhaps Whi through v1877?)

3857cries on hauock] Wilson (ed. 1934): “Fortinbras is describing the ‘sight’; there is no suggestion of vengeance, as many have supposed.”

cam3 : standard +

3857 hauock] Wilson (ed. 1934, Glossary): “(it is noteworthy that Shakespeare often asssociates ‘havoc’ with the chase even when he is speaking of war; cf. [H5 1.2.173 (318) ‘To tear and havoc more than she can eat’; [Cor. 3.1.275 (2007) ‘Do not cry havoc when you should but hunt With modest warrant’; [JC 3.1.273 (1502) ‘Cry “Havoc” and let slip the dogs of war.’”

1937 pen1a

pen1a : standard

3857cries on hauock]

1938 parc

parc ≈ standard

3857cries on]

parc ≈ standard

3857 hauock]

1939 kit2

kit2 ≈ standard

3857cries on] Kittredge (ed. 1939, Glossary):

kit2 ≈ standard

3857 hauock] Kittredge (ed. 1939, Glossary): “no quarter.”

kit2 ≈ cam3 w/o attribution

3857

1942 n&h

n&h ≈ standard

3857cries on hauock]

1947 cln2

cln2 ≈ standard

3857 quarry]

cln2 ≈ standard

3857cries on]

cln2 ≈ standard

3857 hauock]

1951 alex

alex ≈ standard

3857 hauock] Alexander (ed. 1951, Glossary)

alex ≈ standard

3857 quarry] Alexander (ed. 1951, Glossary)

1951 crg2

crg2=crg1

3857 cries on hauock]

crg2=crg1

3857 quarry]

1954 sis

sis ≈ standard

3857 quarry] Sisson (ed. 1954, Glossary):

sis ≈ standard

3857 hauock] Sisson (ed. 1954, Glossary):

sis

3857 prou’d] Sisson (ed. 1954, Glossary, proud): “swollen, over-luxuriant, sensually excited.”

1957 pel1

pel1 : standard

3857cries on ]

pel1 : standard

3857hauock]

pel1

3857 quarry] Farnham (ed. 1957): "indiscriminate killing and destruction such as would follow the order ’havoc,’ or ’pillage,’ given to an army."

1970 pel2

pel2=pel1

3857cries on ]

pel2=pel1

3857hauock]

pel2=pel1

3857 quarry]

1974 evns1

evns1 ≈ standard

3857 For. . . . hauock]

1980 pen2

pen2 ≈ standard

3857 For. . . . hauock]

1982 ard2

ard2 ≈ standard

3857 quarry]

ard2

3857 For. . . . hauock] Jenkins (ed. 1982): “loudly proclaims wholesale slaughter. Hoavoc was a battle-cry meaning ‘No quarter’ and inciting to slaughter and pillace. Cf. [JC 3.1.273 (1502)] ((‘Cry ‘Havoc!’ and let slip the dogs of war’)), [Jn 2.1.357 (670)] ((‘Cry ‘havoc!’ kings; back to the stained field”)), [Cor. 3.1.275 (210). The pecularily Shakespearean use of a hunting metaphor ((cf. quarry)), as also in [JC] and [Cor.], by imaging soldiers as hounds, intensifies the savagery. The word for the signal came to be used for the consequent devastation so that, notwithstanding [JC] and [Jn] but as the context shows, it is not here a call for further slaughter or vengeance but a description of the scene with which Fortinbras is confronted. To cry on is to cry out loud ((sometimes in outrage)), as in [Oth. 5.1.48 (3142)] ((‘that cries on murder’)), [R3 5.3.231 (3696)] ((‘cried on victory’)).”

1984 chal

chal : standard (cam3)

3857 For. . . . hauock]

chal : standard (cam3)

3857 quarry]

1987 oxf4

oxf4 ≈ standard

3857 For. . . . hauock]

oxf4 ≈ standard

3857 quarry]

1988 bev2

bev2: standard

3857 For. . . . hauock]

bev2: standard

3857 quarry]

1992 fol2

fol2≈ standard

3857 For. . . . hauock]

1993 dent

dent ≈ standard

3857 For. . . . hauock]

1998 OED

OED

3857 hauock]OED n.“ 1. In the phrase cry havoc, orig. to give to an army the order havoc!, as the signal for the seizure of spoil, and so of general spoliation or pillage. In later use (usually after Shakes.) fig., and associated with sense 2.”

2000 Edelman

Edelman

3857 cries on hauock] Edelman (2000): “Shakespeare’s use of ‘cry havoc’ seems not to be within the confines of its original meaning, a signal, once victory is achieved, that spoil may be taken, but is given as a threat of war’s devastation, as in Antony’s prophecy [quotes JC 3.1.275 (1502) and other instances, including 3857].

[Ed HLA:Edelman also refers to H5’s ordinances in Hibbert (1964, pp. 166-76).]