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Line 3664, etc. - Commentary Note (CN)

Commentary notes (CN):

1. SMALL CAPS Indicate editions. Notes for each commentator are divided into three parts:

In the 1st two lines of a record, when the name of the source text (the siglum) is printed in SMALL CAPS, the comment comes from an EDITION; when it is in normal font, it is derived from a book, article, ms. record or other source. We occasionally use small caps for ms. sources and for works related to editions. See bibliographies for complete information (in process).

2. How comments are related to predecessors' comments. In the second line of a record, a label "without attribution" indicates that a prior writer made the same or a similar point; such similarities do not usually indicate plagiarism because many writers do not, as a practice, indicate the sources of their glosses. We provide the designation ("standard") to indicate a gloss in common use. We use ≈ for "equivalent to" and = for "exactly alike."

3. Original comment. When the second line is blank after the writer's siglum, we are signaling that we have not seen that writer's gloss prior to that date. We welcome correction on this point.

4. Words from the play under discussion (lemmata). In the third line or lines of a record, the lemmata after the TLN (Through Line Number] are from Q2. When the difference between Q2 and the authors' lemma(ta) is significant, we include the writer's lemma(ta). When the gloss is for a whole line or lines, only the line number(s) appear. Through Line Numbers are numbers straight through a play and include stage directions. Most modern editions still use the system of starting line numbers afresh for every scene and do not assign line numbers to stage directions.

5. Bibliographic information. In the third line of the record, where we record the gloss, we provide concise bibliographic information, expanded in the bibliographies, several of which are in process.

6. References to other lines or other works. For a writer's reference to a passage elsewhere in Ham. we provide, in brackets, Through Line Numbers (TLN) from the Norton F1 (used by permission); we call these xref, i.e., cross references. We call references to Shakespearean plays other than Ham. “parallels” (//) and indicate Riverside act, scene and line number as well as TLN. We call references to non-Shakespearean works “analogues.”

7. Further information: See the Introduction for explanations of other abbreviations. Click here for more information about browsing the entries and here for more information about the special symbols used in Hamletworks. Click the question mark icon above to remove this help message.

Notes for lines 2951-end ed. Hardin A. Aasand

For explanation of sigla, such as jen, see the editions bib.

3664-5 Ham. It is but foolery, but it is such a kinde of \| {gamgiuing,} <gain-giuing> as

3665 would perhapes trouble a woman. 3665

mTBY2 1723-33? ms. notes in POPE1

mTBY2

3554 gamgiuing] Thirlby (ms. notes in Pope, ed. 1723 [1723-33?]): “R[owe] gain-giuing w[hi]ch surely must be the true reading for w[ha]t is this game-giving? Q gamgiving. What so like as an m to an i and an n! N.B. gainsay.”

1726 theon

theon

3554 gamgiuing] Theobald (1726, p. 127) : <p. 127> “Game-giving]] I do not know whether the Editor designed this Reading, which, I find, possesses some of the Editions besides; or whether it be a literal Error of the Press only. I must own, I am at a Loss to understand the Meaning of Game-giving. The Quarto Edition of 1703 [Q9], and Mr. Hughs [Wilks 1718 and 1723] agree in reading, But it is such a kind of boding, &c. “‘Tis certain, they express the Author’s Sense exactly in this Word; bu they put a Change upon him, for Want of understanding his Original. The second FolioEdition reads the Passage, as it ought to be restor’d; ‘It is but Foolery; bit is such a kind of gain-giving, as would, perhaps, trouble a Woman.’ To Gain-giue, is to distrust, or, as we more vulgarly express it, to misgiue. It is of Saxon Derivation, among whom gean signified against; and so we at this day use gain-say, to imply contradict, say against.“

1744 han1

han1 : theon

3554 gamgiuing] Hanmer (ed. 1744: Glossary): “gaingiving]] the same as misgiving, a giving-against: as gain-saying, which is still in use, is saying against or contradicting.”

1753 blair

blair = han1 w/o attribution

3665 gamgiuing] Blair (ed. 1753, Glossary, gain-giving)

1755 John

Johnd ≈ han1

3554 gamgiuing] Johnson (1755, gaingiving): “n.s. [‘ganst and give] The same as misgiving; a giving against: as gainsaying, which is still in use, is saying against, or contradicting. Hanmer. [cites Hamlet]”

1765 Heath

Heath : theon

3554 gamgiuing] Heath (1765, p. 550) : “But it is such a kind of gain-giuing]] That is, misgiving. See Theobald’s Shakespear restored, p. 127.”

1773 v1773

v1773 ≈ heath

3554 gamgiuing] Steevens (ed. 1773) : “the same as mis-giuing.”

1773 jen

jen : pope

3665 gamgiuing] Jennens (ed. 1773) : “The 1st q. [Q2] (wherein in might be blunder’d into m by the printer). The 2d and 3d [Q3, Q4], gamegiving. P.[ope] reads game giving in his quarto, and mis-giving in hid duodecimo.

“Gain-giving, the same as mis-giving, a giving against, as gain-saying, &c. H[amner].”

1774 capn

capn

3665 gamgiuing] Capell (1779-83 [1774]:1:1:Glossary) : “the same as — misgiving, a giving-against; as— gainsaying, which is now in Use, is —saying-against, or contradicting.“

1778 v1778

v1778 = v1773

3665 gamgiuing]

1784 ays1

ays1 = v1778 w/o attribution

3665 gamgiuing]

1785 v1785

v1785 = v1778

3665 gamgiuing]

-1786 mtyr

mtyr: lineation

3664-5 Ham. It is but foolery, | but it is such a kinde of | {gamgiuing,} <gain-giuing> | as would perhapes trouble a woman.

1787 ann

ann = v1785

3665 gamgiuing]

1790 mal

mal = v1785

3665 gamgiuing]

-1790 mWesley

mWesley

3664-65 Wesley (typescript of ms. notes in ed. 1785): “Exquisite expression.”

1791- rann

rann

3665 gamgiuing] Rann (ed. 1791-) : “misgiving, an ill omen.”

1793 v1793

v1793 = mal

3665 gamgiuing]

1803 v1803

v1803 = v1793

3665 gamgiuing]

1813 v1813

v1813 = v1803

3665 gamgiuing]

1819 cald1

cald1: john1

3665 gamgiuing] Caldecott (ed. 1819) : “Misgiving: internal sense of revolt; a giving against, says Dr. Johnson in his dictionary: and adds, that the word is formed upon the same principle as ‘gainsay;’ which is to say against.”

1819 mclr

see n. 3256

1821 v1821

v1821 = v1813

3665 gamgiuing]

v1821

3665 gamgiuing] Boswell (ed. 1821, 21:Glossary): “misgiving.”

1822 Nares

Nares : standard

3665 gamgiuing] Nares (1822; 1906): “A misgiving, a giving against; that is, an internal feeling or prognostic of evil. [cites Ham. 5.2.(3665)]

“No other example has been found.”

1826 sing1

sing1≈ cald1

3665 gamgiuing] Singer (ed. 1826) : “i.e. misgiving, a giving against, or an internal feeling and prognostic of evil.”

1832 cald2

cald2 = cald1

3665 gamgiuing]

1833 valpy

valpy ≈ standard

3665 gamgiuing] Valpy (ed. 1833): “Misgiving.”

1843 col1

col1: standard

3665 gamgiuing] Collier (ed. 1843) : “i.e. mis-giving, against-giving. The quartos have gam-giving and game-giving, but none of them have ‘gain-giving’ of the folio. In the next line, for ‘obey it,’ the folio has merely ‘obey.’ No old copy is at all well printed in this scene.”

1844 verp

verp : Coleridge (see n. 3256)

3665 gamgiuing] Verplanck (ed. 1844): “‘Gain-giving,’ or giving against, is in present use, misgiving.

“Coleridge remarks, ‘Shakespeare seems to mean all Hamlet’s character to be brought together before his final disappearance from the scene: his meditative excess in the grave-digging, his yielding to passion with Laertes, his love for Ophelia blazing out, his tendency to generalize on all occasions in the dialogue with Horatio, his fine gentlemanly manners with Osric, and his and Shakespeare’s own fondness for presentiment:—’But thou would’st not think, how ill all’s here about my heart; but it is no matter.’”

[Ed:This Coleridge comes from L.R., p. 234, but originally it came from the Ayscough marginalia. See 3256.]

1854 del2

del2

3665 gamgiuing . . . woman] Delius (ed. 1854) : “Weiber dürfen eher etwas auf böse Ahnungen geben, als die Männer.” [Women dared sooner than men to give something of angry forebodings.]

1856 hud1 (1851-6)

hud1: Coleridge

3665 gamgiuing] Hudson (ed. 1856) : “Gain-giving is misgiving or giving-against; here meaning a dim prognostic or presentiment of evil.—’Shakespeare,’ says Coleridge, ‘seems to mean all Hamlet’s character to be brought together before his final disappearance from the scene;—his meditative excess in the grave-digging, his yielding to passion with Laertes, his love for Ophelia blazing out, his tendency to generalize on all occasions in the dialogue with Horatio, his fine gentlemanly manners with Osrick, and his and Shakespeare’s own fondness for presentiment.’ H”

1856 sing2

sing2 = sing1

3665 gamgiuing]

1857 elze1

elze1: col1 ; Nares

3665 gamgiuing] Elze (ed. 1857, 258): <p. 258>"’Gain-giving i.e. misgiving, against-giving.’ Collier. Nach Nares kommt dies Wort nirgends weiter vor." [ Gain-giving . . . According to Nares, the word is found nowhere else.]

1858 col3

col3

3665 gamgiuing] Collier (ed. 1858) : “It is singular that this word, ‘gain-giving,’ should not have led the Rev. Mr. Dyce to understand that in ‘The Pilgrim,’ A.v.sc.3 (Beaumont and Fletcher, viii. 79), the word ‘gainful’ should be taken as against-full or opposite , where Juletta tells the Keeper, ‘You will find him gainful, but be sure you curb him.’ she means you will find him resist you, but be sure you control him. There can be no doubt about it.”

col3 : standard

3665 gamgiuing] Collier (2nd ed. 1858, 6: Glossary): “gain-giving]] misgiving.”

1859 Dyce3

Dyce3 : col3

3665 gamgiuing] Dyce (1859, pp. 191-2) : <p. 191> “In a note on the words ‘such a kind of gain-giving’ Mr. Collier observes; [cites COL3 note]</p. 191>

“On the passage of The Pilgrim, the note in my edition stands thus; ‘gainful] “i.e. wayward, resty, &c.” Sympson.— “I have never met with this word in that sense,but it commonly means lucrative, and that is the obvious meaning in this passage. Julietta tells the Master, that he will find Alphonso a profitable patient; but conjures him to curb him, notwithstanding his rank.” Mason,—Whose interpretation of the word is evidently at variance with the context.— “The A.S.ge-winful, (gainful,) is, striving, labouring or contending for; and thus, in Beaum. and Fletch., may signify, full of strie, contention or resistance.” Richardson’s Dict. in v. Gain.’

“Though it is impossible that any one, however obtuse, could read this note without seeing that I cited approvingly Richardson’s explanation of ‘gainful,’ yet Mr.Collier now has the effrontery to state that I did not understand the meaning of ‘ginful;’ and he then proceeds to give an explanation of it agreeing exactly with that which I cited from Richardson.” </p. 192>

1861 wh1

wh1 : standard

3665 gamgiuing] White (ed. 1861) : “gaingiving]] against-giving, misgiving.”

1864 glo

glo : standard

3665 gamgiuing] Clark & Wright (ed. 1864, Glossary) : “gain-giving]] sb. misgiving.”

1864-68 c&mc

c&mc

3665 gamgiuing] Clarke (ed. 1864, Glossary): “Uncertainty of mind, misgiving.”

3665 gamgiuing] Clarke & Clarke (ed. 1864-68, rpt. 1874-78): “‘Misgiving;’ an internal feeling of mistrust, and giving way against the impression of coming evil.”

1869 Romdahl

Romdahl : Nares ; standard

3665 gamgiuing] Romdahl (1869, p. 43): <p. 43> “gaingiving]] giving against, misgiving. No other instance of the word has, according to Nares, been found. Most quartos have: game-giving.” </p. 43>

1869 tsch

tsch

3665 gamgiuing] Tschischwitz (ed. 1869): “gaingiving, die Ahnung, dass Handeln und Untergang für ihn zusammenfallen könnten; daher auch die von Laerts eretene Verzeihung, sobald der könig mit dem Hofe eintritt. Compos. mit gain führt M. I. 84. 490. an.” [gaingiving, the misgiving that trade and decline could collapse for him; therefore, even the requested forgiveness from Laertes, as soon as the King enters with the court. Compounds with gain direct M.I. 84.490.]

1872 del4

del4 = del2

3665 gamgiuing]

1872 cln1

cln1 : standard

3665 gamgiuing] Clark & Wright (ed. 1872): “gain-giving, misgiving. Compare ‘gainsay.’ Other compounds, similarly formed, are ‘gainstand,’ and ‘gainstrive,’; but, like ‘gaingive,’ these are obsolete.”

1872 Hudson

Hudson

3661-65] Hudson (1872, 2:290): <p. 290> “Hamlet, as I said before, suffers, suffers dreadfully; but he makes no sign at least none when his suffering is greatest; or, if any at all, so very slight, as to be scarce heard amidst the louder noises of the play; as in what he says to Horatio, near the close: ‘[cites 3661-65].’ Thus his suffering is not made audible to the sense: it is speechless, indeed unspeakable, and left for the inner eye, the intelligent heart, the sympathizing magnet within to infer.” </p. 290>

1872 hud2

hud2 ≈ hud1 (minus Coleridge)

3665 gamgiuing]

1873 rug2

rug2 ≈ standard

3665 gamgiuing] Moberly (ed. 1873): “Misgiving.”

-1875 Bulloch1

Bulloch1

3665 gamgiuing] Bulloch (-1875, New Readings, #54): “The only pecularity in the texts is that two of the quartos read ‘gam-giung,’ and three read ‘game-giuing.’ A quarto of 1676 gives ‘boding;’ and Pope, in his second edition, adopts ‘misgiving;’ bothof these may be considered interpretations rather than emendations. Capell, however, presents an emendation in the form of ‘gain-giving, the first syllable being a curtailed form of again, but still throwing little light on the matter. Our own impression is that the right word should be imagining, which is only used twice elsewhere in Shakespeare, and in both cases is connected with dread. Thus, we have in [MND 5.1.21 (1859)] ‘Or in the night imagining some fear;’ and in [Mac 1.3.137 (245-6)] ’Present fears are less than horrible imaginings’. There was something painful brooding over the speaker’s mind, though he affects to make light of it, and brushes it away somewhat contemptuously— ‘But it is such a kind of imagining as would perhaps trouble a woman’.”

1877 col4

col4 : col1

1877 v1877

v1877≈ theon (“The same as mis-giving,. We thus use gainsay.”)

[Ed:This is one of Furness’s few bad misquotings of a source.]

1877 neil

neil

3665 gamgiuing] Neil (ed. 1877, Notes): “presentiment, foreboding. E. Forsyth proposed ‘pain-giving.’”

1878 Bulloch2

Bulloch2 :≈ Bulloch2 ; cam1 (variants)

In Bulloch2, Bulloch alters his Mac quotation from the -1875 version to read “worse imaginings.”

1881 hud3

Hud3 : standard ; hud2

3665 gamgiuing] Hudson (ed. 1881): “gain-giving]] Gain-giving probably means misgiving; formed in the same way as gainsay and gainstrive.”

1883 wh2

wh2 : standard

3665 gamgiuing] White (ed. 1883): “a strange compound, possibly used for against-giving, misgiving.”

1885 macd

macd

3665 gamgiuing] MacDonald (ed. 1885): “gain-giuing]] ‘a yielding, a sinking’ at the heart? The Sh. Lex. says misgiving.”

1885 mull

mull ≈ standard

3665 gamgiuing]

1889 Barnett

Barnett : standard

3665 gamgiuing] Barnett (1889, p. 64): <p. 64> “giving back against misgiving.” </p. 64>

1890 irv2

irv2 : standard

3665 gamgiuing] Symons (in Irving & Marshall, ed. 1890): “gain-giuing]] misgiving.”

1891 oxf1

oxf1: standard

3665 gamgiuing] Craig (ed. 1891: Glossary): “sub. misgiving.”

1899 ard1

ard1 ≈ cln1 w/o attribution

3665 gamgiuing]

1905 rltr

rltr : standard

3665 gamgiuing]

1906 nlsn

nlsn: standard

3665 gamgiuing] Neilson (ed. 1906, Glossary, gain-giving)

1931 crg1

crg1 ≈ standard

3665 gamgiuing]

1934 rid1

rid1

3665 gamgiuing] Ridley (ed. 1934): “The F emendation is graphically as easy as possible, but results in an awkward nonce-word for misgiving. One can hardly escape suspecting a concealed qualm.”

1934 cam3

cam3 : standard

3665 gamgiuing] Wilson (ed. 1934, Glossary, gaingiving)

1939 kit2

kit2 ≈ cam3 ; cln1 ; oxf1

3665 gamgiuing] Kittredge (ed. 1939): “gaingiuing]]”

3665 gamgiuing] Kittredge (ed. 1939, Glossary, gaingiving):

1938 parc

parc ≈ standard

3665 gamgiuing]

1942 n&h

n&h≈ standard

3665 gamgiuing]

1947 cln2

cln2 ≈ standard +

3665 gamgiuing] Rylands (ed. 1947): “cf. gainsay.”

1951 crg2

crg2=crg1

3665 gamgiuing]

1954 sis

sis ≈ standard

3665 gamgiuing] Sisson (ed. 1954, Glossary):

1957 pel1

pel1 : standard

3665 gamgiuing]

1970 pel2

pel2=pel1

3665 gamgiuing]

1974 evns1

evns1 ≈ standard

3665 gamgiuing]

1980 pen2

pen2 ≈ standard

3665 gamgiuing]

1982 ard2

ard2 ≈ standard +

3665 gamgiuing] Jenkins (ed. 1982): “gaingiuing]] The misreading of Q2 and the conjectural emendation of Q3 suggest that word was unfamiliar.”

1985 cam4

cam4

3665 gamgiuing] Edwards (ed. 1985): “gaingiving]] foreboding, presentiment of evil. Perhaps stronger than ‘misigiving’: Shakespeare thinks of ‘gain’ as in ‘gainsay’—indicating opposition. This is a singular use of an uncommon word.”

1987 oxf4

oxf4 : OED ; standard

3665 gamgiuing] gain-giving

1993 dent

dent ≈ standard

3665 gamgiuing] gain-giving

dent

3665 trouble a woman] Andrews (ed. 1989): “Elizabethans who had seen Julius Caesar would probably have recalled how the title character disregards Calphurnia’s fears, a series of omens, his well-wishes’ warnings, and his own misgivings when he resolves to play the role of ‘mighty Caesar’ and proceed to the Capitol.”

1988 bev2

bev2: standard

3665 gamgiuing] gain-giving

1992 fol2

fol2≈ standard

3665 gamgiuing] gain-giving

1998 OED

OED

3665 gamgiuing]OED gain-giving, vbl. sb. [f. GAIN- prefix 2 + GIVING vbl. sb.] 2. A misgiving. Obs. exc. arch. 1602 SHAKS. Ham. V. ii. 226 It is but foolery; but it is such a kinde of gain-giuing as would perhaps trouble a woman.