Commentary notes (CN):

1. SMALL CAPS Indicate editions. Notes for each commentator are divided into three parts:

In the 1st two lines of a record, when the name of the source text (the siglum) is printed in SMALL CAPS, the comment comes from an EDITION; when it is in normal font, it is derived from a book, article, ms. record or other source. We occasionally use small caps for ms. sources and for works related to editions. See bibliographies for complete information (in process).

2. How comments are related to predecessors' comments. In the second line of a record, a label "without attribution" indicates that a prior writer made the same or a similar point; such similarities do not usually indicate plagiarism because many writers do not, as a practice, indicate the sources of their glosses. We provide the designation ("standard") to indicate a gloss in common use. We use ≈ for "equivalent to" and = for "exactly alike."

3. Original comment. When the second line is blank after the writer's siglum, we are signaling that we have not seen that writer's gloss prior to that date. We welcome correction on this point.

4. Words from the play under discussion (lemmata). In the third line or lines of a record, the lemmata after the TLN (Through Line Number] are from Q2. When the difference between Q2 and the authors' lemma(ta) is significant, we include the writer's lemma(ta). When the gloss is for a whole line or lines, only the line number(s) appear. Through Line Numbers are numbers straight through a play and include stage directions. Most modern editions still use the system of starting line numbers afresh for every scene and do not assign line numbers to stage directions.

5. Bibliographic information. In the third line of the record, where we record the gloss, we provide concise bibliographic information, expanded in the bibliographies, several of which are in process.

6. References to other lines or other works. For a writer's reference to a passage elsewhere in Ham. we provide, in brackets, Through Line Numbers (TLN) from the Norton F1 (used by permission); we call these xref, i.e., cross references. We call references to Shakespearean plays other than Ham. “parallels” (//) and indicate Riverside act, scene and line number as well as TLN. We call references to non-Shakespearean works “analogues.”

7. Further information: See the Introduction for explanations of other abbreviations. Click here for more information about browsing the entries and here for more information about the special symbols used in Hamletworks. Click the question mark icon above to remove this help message.

1743 mF3

mF3

3418 vnsanctified] Anon. (ms. notes in F3, 1734) : “Unsanctied [F3’s reading], an abbreviat. of unsanctified, unconsecrated for the sake of the Verse.”

1754 Grey

Grey

3418 She . . . lodg’d] Grey (1754, 2: 306-7) : <p. 306> “She was allowed Christian burial ; whereas it was the common practice to bury a person who was selo de se , at the meeting of our four high-ways, with a stake struck through his body.

“Our canon orders, that a person who lays violent hands upon himself, shall not have Christian burial . Placuit ut qui sibi ipsis voluntarie, aut per venenum, aut per præcipicium, aut per sus- </p. 306> <p. 307>pendium, vel quolibet modo violentam inferunt mortem, nulla prorsus pro illis in oblatione commemoratio fiat; neque cum psalmis ad sepulturam cadavera eorum deducantur. Concil. Brit. Bp Gibson’s Codex , p. 541.

“To this custom Mr. Tho. Randolph alludes in his Jealous Louers , act iv, sc. iii. p. 66.Azotus . ‘Sexton, receive these coffins to the temple, but not inter them, for they are both guilty of their own blood, till we make expiation to assoyl the fact.’ The Clown, in Ben Johnson’s [sic]Euery Man out of his Humour , act iii. sc. viii. In the case of self-murder, would have appointed a different punishment.Rust . I. ‘O here’s a man has hang’d himself; help to get him again.’Rust . 2. ‘Hang’d himself! ‘slid carry him afore a justice; ‘tis chance medley , o’ my word.’” </P. 307>

1882 elze2

elze2

3418 ground vnsanctified] Elze (ed. 1882): “Compare [Lr. 4.6.280 (2728)].”

elze2

3418 been lodg’d] Elze (ed. 1882): “be lodg’d]] For this reading I myself am responsible. [Q2] been lodg’d; [F1] haue lodg’d; [Q1] She had beene buried in the open fieldes. Haue lodg’d occurs nowhere else in Shakespere, whereas we read be lodged in [Tam. 4.2.107 (2185)]; [AWW 3.5.44 (1652)]; and [R2 5.1.14 (2275)]. Compare Dr. Abbott, Sh. Gr., §295. Be lodg’d, moreover, completely harmonizes with the following should be throwne on her. See Jahrbuch der Deutschen Shakespeare-Gesellschaft, XVI, 249.”

1934 Wilson

Wilson

3418 been lodg’d] Wilson (1934, 1:140) characterizes the Q2 reading as a compositor’s attempt to supply an “omitted” word that the F1 text properly prints.

1974 evns1

evns1

3418 should] Evans (ed. 1974): “would certainly.”

1982 ard2

ard2

3418 should] Jenkins (ed. 1982): “The omission of haue between should or would and the past pple. when other words intervene is idiomatic. Cf. [Cor. 4.6.34-5(2934)], ‘We should . . . If he had gone forth consul, found it so’; H5 3.2.112-13 (1235)], ‘I wad ((=would)) full fain heard some question’; and see MLE, v, 346-7; Neophilogus, xxx, 37-43. F’s substitution of have for been and active for passive, though followed by all eds. but Evans, is a manifest attempt at ‘improvement.’”

1987 oxf4

oxf4 : Q1 +

3418 Hibbard (ed. 1987): “. . . thus making the threat more specific.”

1992 fol2

fol2≈ standard

3418-9 Mowat & Werstine (ed. 1992):”in unhallowed ground been buried until the Judgment Day ((See 1 Corinthians 15.51-52: ‘. . . for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible. . . .’)).”