3192ff A[rmin] (1615, sig. G2v-G3r): <G2v> “Clo.. My masters, and fellow questmen, this is the point, we are to search out the course of law, whether this man that has hangde himselfe, be accessary to his own death or no. I. Nei. Tis a hard case burlady neighbors, to judge truly.2. Nei. Sure, I do think he is guilty. Clo. Take heed, your conscience must be umpler in the ease. I put this point to you, whether euery one that hangs himselfe, be willing to die or no? 2Neig. I, I, sure he is willing. Cl. I say no, for the hangman hangs himselfe, and yet he is not willing to die. 3 Neigh. How dos the hangman hang himself? Clo. I mary doe he, sir; for if he haue not a man to doe his </G2v> <G3r> office for him, he must hang himselfe: ergo, euery man that hangs himselfe is not willing to die. 1Neigh. He says very true indeed: but now sir, being dead, who shall answere the King for his subiect? Clo. Mary sir, he that hanged his subiect. 2 Nei. That was himselfe. 3 Neigh. No sir, I doe thinke it was the halter that hanged him. Clo. I, in a sort, but that was, se offendendo, for it may be, he meant to have broke the halter, and the halter held him out of his own defence. 1 Neigh. But is not the Ropermaker in danger that made it? Clo. No, for hee goes backeward, when tis made, and therefore cannot see before, what will come after; neyther is the halter in fault, for hee might vrge the halter, nolens volens, (as the learned say) neyther is he in fault, because his time was come that he should be hanged: and therefore I doe conclude, that he was conscious and guiltlesse of his owne death: Moreouer, he was a Lord, and a Lord in his own precinct has authority to hang and draw himselfe. 2Nei. Then neighbour, he may be buried. Cl. Of great reason, alwayes he that is aliue must die, and he that is dead must be buried. 2 Neigh. Yet truly in my conscience, he dos not deserue to be buried. Cl. Oh, ou speake partiously neighbor Crabtree, not deserve to be buried? I say, he deserues to bee buried aliue that hangs himselfe. 3 Neig. But for his clothes neighbour. Cl. His clothes are the Hangmans. 2 Neigh. Why then he must haue them himselfe. Cl. This is a shrewd poynt of law, this might he do now, because he would saue charges, and defeat the Hangman: this must be well handled, did he make a Will? </G3r> <G3v> 3 Neigh. No, he died detestable. Cl. Why then, they fall to his right heyre male,f or a female cannot inherite no breeches, vnlesse she weares them in her husbands dayes. 1 Neigh. But where shall we find him? Cl. Tis true, well then for want of issue, they fall to the chiefe mourner; I will be he to saue you all harmeles, I will take his clothes vpon mine owne backe, I will begin with his cloke, do you take euery man his quarter, and I will folllow with dole and lamenration. 2 Neigh. Then thus the verdit is giuen vp. Clow. I, I. 3. Neigh. Alas Neighbour, how mournfully you speake already! Clo. It is the fashion to doe. “</G3v>

This is a parody of the gravedigger scene by Robert Armin in a play entitled The Valiant Welshman, written in 1615. See Douce below for reference to this play.

3193 Straight] Johnson (1755, straight): “adj. [strack, old Dutch. It is well observed by Ainsworth, that for not crooked we ought to write straight, and for narrow stait; but for streight, which is sometimes found, there is no good authority.]

3193 crowner] Johnson (1755, coroner): “n.s. [from corona] An officer whose duty is to enquire, on the part of the king, how any violent death was occasioned; for which purpose a jury of twelve persons is impannelled. ‘Go thou and seek the coroner, and let him sit o’ my uncle; for he’s in the third degree of drink; he’s drowned.’ Shaksp.”

3192- make her graue straight] Johnson (ed. 1765) : “Make her grave from east to west in a direct line parallel to the church; not from north to south, athwart the regular line. This, I think, is meant.”

3192- make her graue straight] Johnson (ed. 1765b?: Appendix, sig. Ll3v) : </Ll3v> “Some, for whose opinions I have great regard, think that straight is only immediately . My interpretation I hve given with no great confidence, but the longer I consider it, the more I think it right.” </Ll3v>

3192- make her graue straight] Steevens (ed. 1773) : “ I cannot think that this means any more than make her graue immediately. She is to be buried in christian burial, and consequently the grave is to be made as usual.”

3192- make her graue straight] Steevens (ms. notes, ed. 1773): “So in [H5]. ‘We cannot lodge or Board a dozen or fourteen gentlewomen—but it will be thought we keep a bawdy-house straight.’ Steevens.”

3192 make her graue straight] Jennens (ed. 1773) : “So according to this, Dr. Johnson thinks that burying east and west is Christian burial, north and south not Christian burial : But who ever heard of this distinction? To be buried in a Christian manner is to be buried in consecrated ground and with the rites of the church. So Dr. Johnson may take my word that Shakespeare meant; She is to be buried in consecrated ground, therefore make her grave straight, i.e. forthwith, immediately.”

3192- make her graue straight] Steevens (ed. 1778) : “ My interpretation may be justified from the following passages in (H5 a.s.l. [0000]) and the play before us: ‘—We cannot lodge and board a dozen or fourteen gentlewomen who live by the prick of their needles, but it will be thought we keep a bawdy-house straight .’ Again, in (Ham. 3.4. [0000]: ‘Pol. He will come straight.’ Again, in the Lover’s Progress, by Beaumont and Fletcher: ‘Li. Do you fight straight ? Clar. Yes, presently.’ Again, in the (MW a.s.l. [0000]) : ’—We’ll come and dress you straight.’ Again, in (Oth. a.s.l [0000]) : ‘Farewel, my Desdemona, I will come to thee straight.’ STEEVENS”

3192- make her graue straight]

3192- make her graue straight]

3192- make her graue straight]

3192- make her graue straight] Malone (ed. 1790) : “Again, in (Tro. a.s.l. [0000]) : ‘Let us make ready straight.’ MALONE”

3192 straight] Rann (ed. 1791) : “immediately.”

3192- make her graue straight]

3192- make her graue straight]

3192- make her graue straight] Pye (1807, p. 325) : <p. 325> “That Steevens is right I think there can be no doubt.” </p. 325>

3192- make her graue straight] Douce (1807; rpt. 1839, p. 475) : <p. 475>“The frequency of the above mode of expression in Shakspeare’s plays sufficiently indicates that if he had alluded to the mode of burial contended for by Dr. Johnson, he would have adopted some other. It has occurred upwards of a hundred times already in the sense of immediately . Nor would it be easy to show that to make a grave straight , or in a direct line, was to make it East and West; or that it was the designation of Christian burial. The first clown rather adverts to the place where the grave should be made than to its form . Suicides were buried on the North side of the church, in ground purposely unconsecrated . Much of this scene has been imitated in the Valiant Welshman , by R.A. [q. Robert Armin] 1663. See Act IV.” </p. 475>

See my citation of this scene above for 1615. at beginning of commentary.

”

3193 straight] Todd (1818, straight): “adj. [strack, old Dutch. It is well observed by Ainsworth, that for not crooked we ought to write straight, and for narrow stait; but for streight, which is sometimes found, there is no good authority.]It is also the Saxon [strac], right, direct; strack, Germ the same; which, as Serenius and Dr Jamieson have observed, are from the verbs signifying to stretch; as straecka, Su. Goth. [streccan], Sax. And a straight line, the latter adds, gives us the idea of that which is stretched out between two points.”

3192 make her graue straight] Caldecott (ed. 1819) : “i.e. straightways, forthwith; the fact next stated being a warrant for proceeding, without any further question made.” ed., p. 136; CALD2, p. 139; KNT1, p. 155 abbreviates this note) notes:

3192 make her graue straight] Malone (apud Boswell, ed. 1821) : “Again, in G. Herbert’s Jacula Prudentum, 1651, we have a proverbial saying: ‘There is no church-yard so handsome that a man would desire straight to be buried there.’ MALONE“

[where does this note come from?]

3192 make her graue straight] Singer (ed. 1826) : “How Johnson could think that any particular mode of making Ophelia’s grave was meant I cannot imagine. Nothing is so common as this mode of expression: straight is merely a contraction of straightway, immediately. Numerous examples are to be found in Shakspeare, one may suffice from this very play, in 3.4. (0000), Polonius says:—’He will come straight.’ And Malone cites from G. Herbert’s Jacula Prudentium, 1651: —’ There is no church-yard so handsome that a man would desire straight to be buried there.’”

3192 make her graue straight] Caldecott (ed. 1832) : “‘I will arraign them straight .’ (Lr 3.6. [0000] L & ‘She must overboard straight .’” (Per 3.1. [0000])”

3192 straight] Valpy (ed. 1833): “Immediately.”

3192 make her graue straight] Knight (ed. 1841) : “straightways—forthwith.”

3192 straight] Delius (ed. 1854) : “stracks” [ed. trans? I can find no German for this]

3194 burial] Delius (ed. 1854) : “ Der Clown, nach der Sprachverdrehung und Wortverwechselung, welche für diese Rolle bei Sh. charakteristisch ist, meint damnation, wenn er salvation sagt.” [“The clown, after distortion and twisting of words, which is characteristic of his role in Shakespeare, means damnation , when he says salvation.”]

3192 make her graue straight] Hudson (ed. 1856) : “straightway; a common usage.” H

3192 make her graue straight] Elze (ed. 1857): "Johnson versteht darunter ’von Osten nach Westen, mit der Kirche parallel, nicht von Norden nach Süden, die gewöhnliche Linie schneidend.’ ’Straight’ heisst hier wie häufig: unmittelbar, sogleich. Haml. 145. Douce Ii, 260. —FA liest: And therefore &c." ["Johnson understands thereby, ’from east to west, parallel with the church, not from north to south, the typically cut lines. ’Straight’ means here so frequently, ’directly, immediately.’ Haml. 145 [see §145 of the play and Polonius’s speech, ’He will come straight’]. Douce II, 260.—F1 reads, ’And therefore &c.’"]

3192 make her graue straight] White (ed. 1861) : “Is is necessary to remark that this means, make her grave directly, straightway, right away?”

3192 straight] Clark & Wright (ed. 1865, Glossary) : “ adv. immediately”

3192 straight] Clarke & Clarke (ed. 1864-68, rpt. 1874-78): “‘Straightway,’ ‘forthwith,’ ‘at once,’ ‘immediately,’ ‘directly.’ See Note 102, Act ii [MV].”

3192- make her graue straight]

3192 straight] Tschischwitz (ed. 1869): “straight, adjectivisches Adverb: stracks, ags. streht. M.I. 383. Von der Zeit, nicht von der Direction, wie Johnson will.” [“straight, adverbial adjective: straight, A.S. streht. From the temporal, not from direction as Johnson desires it.”]

3193 sate] Tschischwitz (ed. 1869): “Nach dem Sachsenspiegel 2, 12.3, 69. soll man sitzend Urtheil finden. Grimm R.A. 791.” [“After the Saxon mirror 2, 12.3, 69 one must find the legal judgment seated.”]

3193 finds] Tschischwitz (ed. 1869): “finden ist Terminus der germ. Gerichtssprache. ‘Der Richter leitet und vollstreckt, der Urtheiler findet die Entschediung; Jener hat den Bann, Dieser den tuom; Jener fraget, stellet an, Dieser weiset, findest, theilet, bringet ein. Grimm $.A. 750.” [“To find is the end of German legal language. The judge conduct and discharges; the sentencer finds the decision; the former has the power, the latter the [Tuom: [[Turm: prison?]]]; the former question and arranges, the latter directs, finds, distributes, seizes. Grimm R.A. p. 750.”]

3194 buriall] Tschischwitz (ed. 1869): “Elze [[see n. 3190]] behauptet mit Recht, burial stehe hier für den Begräbnissplatz, wie dies schon Z. 1. durch buried in christian burial bestätigt ist. Das Wort ist ags. byrigels, byrgels, und bedeutet ursprünglich sepulerum und wohl viel später erst sepultura.”[“Elze suggests correctly that burial stands here for the cemetery, as line one already establishes through buried in christian burial. The word is A.S., byrigels, byrgels, and means the original seplucrum and still much later first sepultura.”]

3192 straight] Delius (ed. 1854) : “stracks” [ed. trans? I can find no German for this]

3194 burial] Delius (ed. 1854) : “ Die Qs. haben when she für that der Fol. und lassen in der folgenden Rede and vor therefore aus.” [“The Qs. have when she for that of the folio, and omit in the following speech the and before therefore.”]

3192 straight] Clark & Wright (ed. 1872): “immediately, as in [2.2.451 (0000) and 3.4.1. (0000)].”

3192 straight]

3192- make her graue straight] Moberly (ed. 1873): “Not the mere hole in which a person should be buried on whom a ‘felo de se’ verdict has been found. See the note on line 200 below [an error for 250 [3416]].”

3192- make her graue straight] Furness (ed. 1877): “Douce (ii, 261) believes that the Clown refers to the place where the grave should be; suicides were buried on the north side of the church, in unconsecrated ground.”

3193 crowner] Rushton (apud Furness, ed. 1877): “This word is generally supposed to be a corruption of the Clown’s, but it is merely the English of the Law Latin coronator, from corona, a crown, which Holinshed also uses.”

This is on page. 72 of Rushton’s text.

3192 straight] Neil (ed. 1877, Notes): “immediately, at once. See [AYL 3.5.135 (0000)].”

3193 crowner]

3193 straight] Hudson (ed. 1881): “Straight for straightway or immediately: a common usage.”

3193 straight] White (ed. 1883): “straightway, directly.”

3193 straight] MacDonald (ed. 1885): “Whether this means straightway, or not crooked, I cannot tell.”

3192- make her graue straight]

3193 straight] Barnett (1889, p. 58): <p. 58>“at once, directly. A.S. streht, pp. of streccan, to stretch. Cogn. with Lat. stringere.” </p. 58>

3193 crowner] Barnett (1889, p. 58): <p. 58>“an officer appointed by the crown. The form crowner is as correct as coroner. It is formed not from Lat. coronarius, but by adding er to the base coron of M.E. coronen, to crown. The root is Lat. corona, a crown.” </p. 58>

3193 straight] Symons (in Irving & Marshall, ed. 1890): “Straightway.”

3192 therfore] Symons (in Irving & Marshall, ed. 1890): “and therfore]] Qq. omit and; they are followed by some editors, but I think very unreasonably.”

3193 straight] Dowden (ed. 1899): “straightway, immediately, as in [2.2.459 (0000)]. Johnson supposed that it meant from east to west; Douce, that it meant not [sic] north of the church, where suicides were buried.”

3193 crowner] Dowden (ed. 1899): “A form of ‘coroner’ found in Holinshed, Harrison, Pepys, and others.”

3193 crowner]

3193 straight] Neilson (ed. 1906, Glossary)

3193 crowner] Travers (ed. 1929): “Cp. a quotation in N. E. D. out of a xviith century Survey of Devon, ‘if any man die in the forest, the coroner... shall crown him.’”

3193 straight]

3193 crowner]

3192 is, therfore] Wilson (1934, 2:252) characterizes the probability that Q2’s reading reflects an “omission” of the F1 reading to be “doubtful.” He adds, <p. 254> “I do not think, however, that it is possible to make out any case in favour of the F1 variants in list Iic, and should accordingly refuse to accept them. They add nothing perceptible to meaning or rhythm. “ </p. 254>. He also observes that POPE and v1821 follow Q2.

3193 straight]

3193 straight] Wilson (ed. 1934, Glossary)

3193 sate on] Wilson (ed. 1934, Glossary, sat on): “sat in inquest on.”

3193 finds] Wilson (ed. 1934, Glossary): “return as a verdict.”

3193 straight] Kittredge (ed. 1939, Glossary):

3193 crowner]

3193 crowner]

3193 straight]

3193 crowner]

3193 finds]

3193 straight]

3193 crowner]

3193 straight] Craig (ed. 1954, Glossary)

3193 straight]

3193 crowner]

3193 straight]

3193 crowner]

3193 straight]

3193 crowner]

3193 straight]

3193 crowner]

3193 sate on]

3193 straight] Jenkins (ed. 1982): “(([3.4.1])), but with a play on strait, confined.”

3193 crowner] Jenkins (ed. 1982): “Cf. crownet, [3164].”

3193-4 finds . . . buriall] Jenkins (ed. 1982): “Implying that his verdict was not suicide. The coroner had to give warrant for the burial. See nn. on ll. 1,220 [n. 3190, n. 3416].”

3133 sate]

3193 finds]

3193 straight] Edwards (ed. 1985): “straightaway. But he accidentally implies that if it weren’t Christian burial, she would have a crooked grave.”

3193 crowner]

3193 straight]

3193 crowner] Hibbard (ed. 1987): “. . . now current only as an allusion to this passage.”

3133 sate]

3193 straight]

3193 crowner]

3133 sate]

3193 straight]

3193 crowner]

3133 sate]

sate]

3193 straight]OED 2. a. Immediately, without delay: = STRAIGHTWAY. Now poet. or arch.