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Line 2661 - Commentary Note (CN) More Information

Notes for lines 2023-2950 ed. Frank N. Clary
For explanation of sigla, such as jen, see the editions bib.
2661 Enter King, {and two or three.} 2661..
1869 tsch
tsch: Steevens, col
2661 Tschischwitz (ed. 1869): “Dass der König hier b e w a f f n e t e Begleiter habe, ist nach dem Vorgefallenen durchaus anzunehmen, auch deuten seine Worte How dangerous etc. darauf hin. Q2 drückt sich nicht so klar aus wie Steevens und Collier, die zuerst setzen Enter King, attended. Dieser Umstand aber ist wichtig, denn da auch H a m l e t b e w a c h t ist, wie sich aus v. 14 ergiebt, ist die Vollziehung des Rachewerks in diesem Augenblicke eine U n m ö g l i c h k e i t . Diesen Umstand hätten die Kritiker beachten müssen, die dem Prinzen nach dem Schauspiel eine nicht zu r e c h t f e r t i g e n d e Unthätigkeit vorwerfen.” [It may be assumed with certainty that, after what has occurred, the king has armed companions. His words, too, How dangerous etc. indicate this. Q2 is not so clearly expressed as Steevens and Collier, who first have Enter King, attended. This circumstance is, however, important, for even though Hamlet is guarded, as is shown in verse 14, carrying out the revenge is an impossibility at this time. The critics who have accused the prince of unjustified inaction should have taken note of this.]
1934 Wilson
Wilson
2661 Wilson (1934, rpt. 1963, 1:35): “F1, by reading Enter King in order to save two or three supers, turns [the opening speech of the scene] into a soliloquy, and thus misses the whole point of the speech.”
1934 cam3
cam3: xref.
2661 Wilson (ed. 1934): Enter King, and two or three.] “Q2 ‘Enter King, and two or three.’ The ‘two or three’ are, I take it, the K.’s ‘wisest friends’ [4.1.39 (2626)].”
1939 kit2
kit2 = cam3 (xref. only)
2661 Kittredge (ed. 1939): “The Folio has the stage direction ‘Enter King’; the Second Quarto, ‘Enter King, and two or three.’ The King’s opening speech (like that at the end of the scene) is obviously a soliloquy, as the Folio would make it. If there are ‘two or three’ with him, they must be Attendants, who stand back, and are not supposed to listen. They can hardly be the ‘wisest friends’ mentioned in [4.1.38 (2626)].”
1974 evns1
evns1
2661 Evans (ed. 1974): “IV. iii. Location: The castle.”
1980 pen2
pen2
2661 Spencer (ed. 1980): SD attendants] “(presumably a group of counsellors or supporters, perhaps the wisest friends of [4.1.38 (2626)]).”
1982 ard2
ard: contra kit; ≈ pen2 (for xref.)
2661 and two or three] Jenkins (ed. 1982): “Presumably the ‘wisest friends’ of 4.1.38 (2626)]. F’s economical omission of these misrepresents the speech which follows. This, Kittredge notwithstanding, is not a soliloquy: it publicly justifies the King’s proceedings while concealing his real motives. Contrast [4.3.58-68 (2723-33)] below.”
1984 klein
klein: contra Harrison, kit; Wilson, Hubler, Hoy, cap; xrefs.
2661 Klein (ed. 1984): “In this scene the economising tendency of F1 (formerly adopted several times, e.g. still by Harrison) has conceptually catastrophic consequences (cf. Wilson, MSH, p.35). As a soliloquy (also Kittredge only admits some attendants in the background) lines [4.2.1-11 (2662-72)] would be superfluous and at the same time an instance of blatant lack of dramatic logic. The speech contains exclusively considerations which Claudius does not need for himself and which are also useless to the spectators, as they repeat things already said, and moreover they do not—as opposed to contemporary conventions regarding soliloquies – represent his true feelings and motives; the final soliloquy at the end of the scene makes this even clearer by contrast. The speech is definitely addressed to an audience on stage. In Q2 it is given as some two or three, taken over by Hubler, Hoy and Evans; others adopt Capell’s formulation "attended". This submerges the nature of the situation: the heir presumptive to the throne (see 1.2.109 (291)]) has in an access of madness [4.1.7 (2593), 4.1.34 (2622)] killed the principal officer and counsellor of the King and is, instead of being tried, instantly to be shipped abroad. This way of mastering the crisis requires a justification (cf. [4.1.30-2 (2617-9)]) and support. Thus Claudius decided in [4.1.38-40, 44 (2626-28)] to wake up his wisest friends and to assemble them. It is they who are meant with some two or three. The scene shows at first a small assembly of councillors, who one may (like Wilson) visualise as sitting at a table.”
1985 cam4
cam4: xrefs.
2661 Edwards (ed. 1985): “So Q2; F makes Claudius enter alone. This is surely part of the book-keeper’s economy drive. Compare notes to [3.2.346 (2215)] SD, 4.5.1 etc. Unfortunately this totally changes Claudius’s considered and calculated remarks to his councilors into a self-communing. This speech is part of the ‘countenance and excuse’ mentioned in [4.1.32 (2619)].”
1987 oxf4
oxf4: xref.
2661 Enter King] Hibbard (ed. 1987): “F’s replacement of Q2’s ‘Enter King, and two or three’ with ‘Enter King’ is very similar to its treatment of Q2’s ‘Enter King, and Queen, with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern’ at [4.1.0 (2586-2586+1)]. In both cases it is tempting to regard the alteration as part of a deliberate though mistaken policy designed to reduce the number of supernumeraries (see Textual Introduction, pp. 114-15). On this occasion, however, there may be a better justification for the change. An audience could easily be puzzled and distracted by the appearance of ‘two or three’ whom they have not seen before, who are not identified in any way, and who say nothing whatever. None of these difficulties arises when Claudius’s speech is converted, as it is in F, into a soliloquy.”
1993 dent
dent: xrefs.
2661 Andrews (ed. 1993): “This scene takes place immediately after [4.2.31 (2660)] in another room of the Castle. The ‘two or three’ with whom Claudius enters are probably the ‘wisest Friends’ he has referred to in [4.1.38 (2626)].”
1997 evns2
evns2 = evns1
2661