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Line 976 - Commentary Note (CN)

Commentary notes (CN):

1. SMALL CAPS Indicate editions. Notes for each commentator are divided into three parts:

In the 1st two lines of a record, when the name of the source text (the siglum) is printed in SMALL CAPS, the comment comes from an EDITION; when it is in normal font, it is derived from a book, article, ms. record or other source. We occasionally use small caps for ms. sources and for works related to editions. See bibliographies for complete information (in process).

2. How comments are related to predecessors' comments. In the second line of a record, a label "without attribution" indicates that a prior writer made the same or a similar point; such similarities do not usually indicate plagiarism because many writers do not, as a practice, indicate the sources of their glosses. We provide the designation ("standard") to indicate a gloss in common use. We use ≈ for "equivalent to" and = for "exactly alike."

3. Original comment. When the second line is blank after the writer's siglum, we are signaling that we have not seen that writer's gloss prior to that date. We welcome correction on this point.

4. Words from the play under discussion (lemmata). In the third line or lines of a record, the lemmata after the TLN (Through Line Number] are from Q2. When the difference between Q2 and the authors' lemma(ta) is significant, we include the writer's lemma(ta). When the gloss is for a whole line or lines, only the line number(s) appear. Through Line Numbers are numbers straight through a play and include stage directions. Most modern editions still use the system of starting line numbers afresh for every scene and do not assign line numbers to stage directions.

5. Bibliographic information. In the third line of the record, where we record the gloss, we provide concise bibliographic information, expanded in the bibliographies, several of which are in process.

6. References to other lines or other works. For a writer's reference to a passage elsewhere in Ham. we provide, in brackets, Through Line Numbers (TLN) from the Norton F1 (used by permission); we call these xref, i.e., cross references. We call references to Shakespearean plays other than Ham. “parallels” (//) and indicate Riverside act, scene and line number as well as TLN. We call references to non-Shakespearean works “analogues.”

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Notes for lines 0-1017 ed. Bernice W. Kliman

For explanation of sigla, such as jen, see the editions bib.

976 Vngartred, and downe gyued to his ancle,	2.1.77

1710 Gildon

Gildon Glossary

976 downe gyued] Gildon (ed. 1710, Glossary, p. lxix) “ turn’d or ty’d down”

1725 Sewell

Sewell Glossary for pope1 = Gildon +

976 downe gyued] Sewell (ed. 1725, 7: liv): “with fetters”

Ed. note: Sewell’s ed. of poems, with very little difference from Gildon’s, is v. 7 of pope1. The reason I make Sewell v. 7 of Pope is that the 7th v. was agreed on by the publishers. On the other hand, the Gildon v. was evidently added w/o agreement—though that is hard to fathom, given the proprietory interests involved.

1729-30 mtheo2

mtheo2

976 downe gyued] Theobald (14 March 1930, fol. 57v; Nichols, Illus. 2:560): “i.e. litterally, fetter’d down to his Ancle. Annon potiùs. Down-gyred, i.e. rowl’d down, in Folds,”

1733 theo1

theo1

976 Vngartred . . . downe gyued] Theobald (ed. 1733): “Ungarter’d, and down-gyred,

“i.e. turn’d down. So, the oldest Copies; and so his Stockings were properly loose, as they were ungarter’d and rowl’d down to his Ancle. [Greek] among the Greeks signified a Circle; and [Greek], to roul round; and the Word [Greek] also meant crooked. Therefore the Gyræan Rocks, amidst which Ajax of Locri was lost, were call’d so, because, as Eustathius says. they were crooked: or, perhaps, because they lay, as it were, in a Ring. . . . But, to return to my Theme. The Latins borrow’d Gyrus from the Greeks, to signify, a Circle; as we may find in their best Poets and Prose Writers: and the Spaniards and Italians have from thence adopted both the Verb and Substantive into their Tongues: so that Shakespeare could not be at a Loss for the Use of the Term.”

1740 theo2

theo2 = theo1 minus what is struck out

976 downe gyued] Theobald (ed. 1733): “Ungarter’d, and down-gyred,

“i.e. turn’d down. So, the oldest Copies; and so his Stockings were properly loose, as they were ungarter’d and rowl’d down to his Ancle. [Greek] among the Greeks signified a Circle; and [Greek], to roul round; and the Word [Greek] also meant crooked. Therfore the Gyræan Rocks, amidst which Ajax of Locri was lost, were call’d so, because, as Eustathius says. they were crooked: or, perhaps, because they lay, as it were, in a Ring. . . . But, to return to my Theme. The Latins borrow’d Gyrus from the Greeks, to signify, a Circle; as we may find in their best Poets and Prose Writers: and the Spaniards and Italians have from thence adopted both the Verb and Substantive into their Tongues: so that Shakespeare could not be at a Loss for the Use of the Term.” somewhat shorter than THEO1, w/o the quotations from Greek and without the digression

1744 han1

han1 ≈ theo2 without attribution

976 downe gyued] Hanmer (ed. 1743, 6: Glossary): “GYVES, Shackles.”

1765 Heath

Heath: theo +

976 downe gyued] Heath (1765, p. 534): “The word, down-gyred, is it seems the reading of the eldest copies; but it is most probably an error of the press; for it is a word utterly unknown to the English language, and, in the sense here required, to every other language Mr. Theobald mentions. The common reading, and I believe the true one is down-gyved, that is, fallen down to his ancle, after the fashion of gyves, or fetters.”

1765 john1

john1 = theo2

976 downe gyued]

1765- mtol2

mtol2: john1; theo

976 downe gyued] Tollet (ms. notes in Heath, p. 534): “Johnson follows this reading of Theobald.”

i.e. of gyred

1773 v1773

v1773 ≈ theo on gloss for down-gyved

976 downe gyued] Steevens (ed. 1773):“I believe gyred to be nothing more than a false print. Down-gyved means hanging down like the loose cincture which confines the fetters round the ancles. Gyre always signifies a circle formed by a top, or any other body, when put into motion. It is so used by Drayton, in the Black Prince’s letter to Alice countess of Salisbury. ‘In little circlets first it doth arise, Then somewhat larger seemeth in mine eyes; And in this gyring compass as it goe, So more and more my love in greatness grows.’ Steevens.”

-1778 mmal1

mmal1: v1773; F1

976 downe gyued] Malone (-1778, f.ol.51v): “The folio reads ‘down-gyved’ as you have printed it.”

1778 v1778

v1778 = v1773 + analogues

976 downe gyued] Steevens (ed. 1778): “Again, in the Second Part of Heywood’s Iron Age, 1632: ‘—this bright and flaming brand, Which I so often gyre about mine ears.’ Again, in Lingua, &c. 1607: ‘First I beheld him hovering in the air, And then down a stooping with a hundred gires, &c.’ Again, in Barten Holyday’s Poem, called the Woes of Esay: ‘His chariot-wheels wrapt in the whirlwind’s gyre, His horses hoof’d with flint, and shod with fire.’ Steevens.”

1785 v1785

v1785 = v1778

976 downe gyued]

1787 ann

ann = v1785 minus theo

976 downe gyued]

has Ste w/o a complete quotation, Ann is not clear:

1790 mal

mal = only small part of Steevens, as shown, + VN

976 downe gyued] Steevens (apud Malone, ed. 1790): “Down-gyved means hanging down like the loose cincture which confines the fetters round the ancles. Steevens.”

Since he does not do anything beyond collation, and since JEN had preceded him, I am not including him in the commentary.

1791- Wesley

Wesley: john; Steevens

976 downe gyued] Wesley (1791-, typescript of ms. note in v1785, B.L. shelfmark 11765.k.13): “Dr. Johnson reads ‘down-gyred’; and I believe rightly. He explains ‘gyred’ falling in rings. I think Steevens mistaken in affirming, the word always to mean a circle formed by a top, or body put in motion; the Greek guros is any circle, whence come all such words as Gyrus, Gire etc.”I do not see an s in my Greek font; I used Bookman’s s

1790- Anon.

Anon

976 ungarter’d, and down-gyved to his ancle] Anon. (ms. note in ed. 1790): “To Tarbrorke of the torments of [th. .] and the furnis of love: ‘They waste their winde in sighs They share their eyes with [...] surf They break their bulks with [. . .] Their hearts with lingring’ Songs & sonnets 136”

[HLA--author or editor of this collection? Joanna should revisit this entry]

BWK: Yes, this makes no sense to me.

1791- rann

rann ≈ han1 without attribution

976 downe gyued] Rann (ed. 1791-): “hanging like shackles about his heels.”

1793 v1793

v1793 = mal

976 downe gyued]

This is interesting because Steevens had said that the word gyred was a misprint, but since MAL is more explicit, Steevens suppresses his own note in favor of Malone’s. Not only that but Steevens suppresses all his analogues as well (another instance of v1793 following MAL instead of v1778).

1803 v1803

v1803 = v1793

976 downe gyued]

1813 v1813

v1813 = v1803

976 downe gyued]

1819 cald1

cald1 = Steevens in v1813

976 downe gyued]

1821 v1821

v1821 = v1813

976 downe gyued]

1822 Nares

Nares

976 Vngartred] Nares (1822, apud Furness, ed. 1877): “It was the regular amorous etiquette, in the reign of Elizabeth, for a man professing himself deeply in love to assume a certain negligence in dress. In garters, in particular, were not to be tied up. See [AYL 3.2.378 (1563)].”

1826 sing1

sing1 = v1821 minus mal

976 downe gyued]

i.e. Steevens, as in MAL, only

1832 cald2

cald2 = cald1 +

976 downe gyued] Caldecott (ed. 1832): “Down-gyved means, hanging down like the loose cinture which confines the fetters round the ancles. Steevens.

“See ‘gyves on.’ [1H4 4.2.41 (2415)] Falst.”

1833 valpy

valpy: standard

976 downe gyued] Valpy (ed. 1833): “Hanging down like fetters.”

1854 del2

del2 standard

976 Vngartred . . . downe gyued] Delius (ed. 1854): “Die Strumpfhosen hingen, da sie nicht am Knie gebunden waren (ungarter’d), bis zum Knöchel herab, wie Fussfesseln (gyves).” [His stockings hung down to his ankles like fetters (gyves) because they were not tied at the knee (ungarter’d).]

1856 hud1

hud1 = sing1 without attribution

976 downe gyued]

1856 sing2

sing2 = sing1

976 downe gyued]

1859 stau

stau = v1773 Steevens

976 downe gyued]

1862 cham

cham: standard

976 downe gyued]

1865 hal

hal = Steevens minus anything about gyre

976 downe gyued]

1868 c&mc

c&mc: standard

976 downe gyued]

1870 rug1

rug1: standard

976 downe gyued] Moberly (ed. 1870): “Hanging like fetters.”

1872 cln1

cln1; standard

976 downe gyued]

1872 hud2

hud2 = hud1

976 downe gyued]

1873 rug2

rug2 = rug1

976 down gyved]

1877 v1877

v1877 = Nares

976 Vngartred]

v1877: theo1 (much shortened); Heath

976 downe gyued] Furness (ed. 1877): “Theobald interprets his reading, down-gyved, as ‘rolled down to the ancle,’ and derives gyred from [Greek], to bend, to riound. Heath gives the true definition of ‘down-gyved’: fallen down to the ancle, after the fashion of gyves, or fetters.”

1878 rlf1

rlf1 ≈ Nares without attribution + // TGV 2.1.78

976 Vngartred]

1881 hud3

hud3 = hud2

976 downe gyued]

1883 wh2

wh2: standard

976 downe gyued]

1885 mull

mull : standard

976 downe gyued] Mull (ed. 1885): “like fetters”

1929 trav

trav: rowe1 frontispiece +

976 Travers (ed. 1929) surmises that Hamlet’s clothes appeared in disarray on stage from 2.2 on.

1938 parc

parc

976 downe gyued] Parrott & Craig (ed. 1938): “hanging down like fetters.”

1947 cln2

cln2: standard

976 downe gyued] Rylands (ed. 1947): "down-gyvéd: fallen to the ankles—like fetters."

1957 pel1

pel1: standard

976 downe gyued] Farnham (ed. 1957): “fallen down like gyves or fetters on a prisoner’s legs.”

1957 pen1b

pen1b: standard

976 downe gyued] Harrison (ed. 1957): “hanging round his ankles like fetters.”

1970 pel2

pel2 = pel1

976 downe gyued] Farnham (ed. 1970): “fallen down like gyves or fetters on a prisoner’s legs”

1980 pen2

pen2: standard

976 downe . . . ancle] Spencer (ed. 1980): “fallen down like fetters (’gyves’) around the ankles.”

1982 ard2

ard2: standard

976 downe gyued] Jenkins (ed. 1982): “fallen down so as to resemble gives (fetters). A Shakespearean coinage ”

1985 cam4

cam4

976 downe gyued] Edwards (ed. 1985): "fallen down and resembling fetters."

1987 oxf4

oxf4: standard + comment

976 downe . . . ancle] Hibbard (ed. 1987): "hanging down round his ankles like fetters – a typically Shakespearian compound coinage."

1988 bev2

bev2: standard

976 downe gyued] Bevington (ed. 1988): “fallen to the ankles (like gyves or fetters).”

1992 fol2

fol2: standard

976 downe gyued to his ancle] Mowat & Werstine (ed. 1992): “fallen down around his ankles like gyves or chains”

2006 ard3q2

ard3q2: standard

976 Thompson & Taylor (ed. 2006): “Garters are bands, worn above or below the knee, to hold stockings up, and it is the stockings that would be down-gyved —falling down and resembling gyves or fetters.”

ard3q2

976 downe gyued] Thompson & Taylor (ed. 2006): “down-gyvèd (a Shakespearean coinage)”