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Line 575 - Commentary Note (CN)

Commentary notes (CN):

1. SMALL CAPS Indicate editions. Notes for each commentator are divided into three parts:

In the 1st two lines of a record, when the name of the source text (the siglum) is printed in SMALL CAPS, the comment comes from an EDITION; when it is in normal font, it is derived from a book, article, ms. record or other source. We occasionally use small caps for ms. sources and for works related to editions. See bibliographies for complete information (in process).

2. How comments are related to predecessors' comments. In the second line of a record, a label "without attribution" indicates that a prior writer made the same or a similar point; such similarities do not usually indicate plagiarism because many writers do not, as a practice, indicate the sources of their glosses. We provide the designation ("standard") to indicate a gloss in common use. We use ≈ for "equivalent to" and = for "exactly alike."

3. Original comment. When the second line is blank after the writer's siglum, we are signaling that we have not seen that writer's gloss prior to that date. We welcome correction on this point.

4. Words from the play under discussion (lemmata). In the third line or lines of a record, the lemmata after the TLN (Through Line Number] are from Q2. When the difference between Q2 and the authors' lemma(ta) is significant, we include the writer's lemma(ta). When the gloss is for a whole line or lines, only the line number(s) appear. Through Line Numbers are numbers straight through a play and include stage directions. Most modern editions still use the system of starting line numbers afresh for every scene and do not assign line numbers to stage directions.

5. Bibliographic information. In the third line of the record, where we record the gloss, we provide concise bibliographic information, expanded in the bibliographies, several of which are in process.

6. References to other lines or other works. For a writer's reference to a passage elsewhere in Ham. we provide, in brackets, Through Line Numbers (TLN) from the Norton F1 (used by permission); we call these xref, i.e., cross references. We call references to Shakespearean plays other than Ham. “parallels” (//) and indicate Riverside act, scene and line number as well as TLN. We call references to non-Shakespearean works “analogues.”

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Notes for lines 0-1017 ed. Bernice W. Kliman

For explanation of sigla, such as jen, see the editions bib.

575 {Wrong} <Roaming> it thus{)}<,> you’l tender me a foole.	1.3.109

1839 knt1

knt1: standard for phrase applying to Polonius

575 Wrong] Knight (ed. [1839]): “Roaming. So the folio;—the common reading is wronging. ‘Roaming it thus,’ applies to the various sense in which Polonius has used the word ‘tender.’ ”

1843 col1

col1: clr +

575 Wrong] Collier (ed. 1843): “Possibly the true reading may have been ‘Running’ it thus,’ and Coleridge (Lit. Rem. [2:217] suspected that ‘wronging’ was used much in the same sense as wringing or wrenching.”

1844 verp

verp ≈ clr (via col1 without attribution), col1, warb

575 Wrong it thus] Verplanck (ed. 1844): “Collier thinks the true reading may have been “Running it thus.’ Warburton printed ‘Wringing;’ and Coleridge suspected that ‘wronging’ was used much in the same sense as wringing or wrenching.”

1856 hud1

hud1: standard, col1, col2 +

575 Or. . . thus] Hudson (ed. 1856): “Instead of Wronging, the folio has Roaming: an evident roaming from sense. Mr. Collier some years ago conjectured running to be the right word, and has since found running in his second folio; a coincidence that may be read running. The quartos have Wrong, which has been changed rightly, we doubt not, to Wronging. It should be noted that thus refers to what goes before, not what follows; as if he had said, ‘and so wrong it,’ or, ‘thereby doing it wrong.’

1856 Badham

Badham

575 Wrong it thus] Badham (1856, p. 283): “Perhaps some readers will think with me, that it is not unlikely that wrong is a corruption of worrying.”

1857 dyce1

dyce1 ≈ cald1?

575 Wrong it thus] Dyce (ed. 1857): “The quartos, 1604, &c. have ‘Wrong it thus,’ &c.; which has been altered to ‘Wringing it thus,’ &c., which Caldecott and Mr. Knight retain, and explain—to their own satisfaction. But that ‘Roaming’ is a mistake for ‘Running,’ I have been long convinced: so in a line of King John,— ‘Say, shall the current of our right run on?’— the folio erroneously has ‘—rome on?’ (see vol. iii. p. 259, note (15)).—Mr. Collier also in his note on the present passage proposed ‘Running;’ and I now find, from his one-volume Shakespeare, that his Ms. Corrector makes the same alteration.”

1858 col3

col3 = col1 minus Coleridge + in magenta underlined

575 Wrong] Collier (ed. 1858): “Running it thus,]] i.e. Running it, as it were, out of wind. The folios read Roaming for ‘Running;’ but it is ‘Wrong it thus’ in the 4to, 1604, and hence some have supposed that the proper text was ‘Wronging it thus:’ such was our opinion, until we found ‘Running it thus’ in the corr. fo 1632.”

col3: Browne //

575 Wrong] Collier (ed. 1858, 1:276): “The opposite error is committed in W. Browne’s first pasteral, edition 1625, for ‘roaming” is misprinted running:—‘Roaming the mountaines, fields, by watry springs, Filling each cave with wofull echoings.’ Britannia’s Pastorals,’ Book i, song i. ‘Running the mountains,’ &c., could hardly be right.”

1860 stau

stau = dyce1 (subst.) minus cald and knt

575 Wrong it thus] Staunton (ed. 1860): “The quartos read,— ‘Wrong it thus,’ &c.; the folio,— ‘Running it thus,’ &c. ‘That “Roaming” is a mistake for “Running’,” Mr. Dyce remarks, “I have long been convinced; so in a line of “King John,” — “Say shall the current of our right run on?”— the folio erroneously has “—rowe on?’ (see vol. iii. p. 259, note (15)).—Mr. Collier also in his note on the present passage proposed “Running;” and I now find, from the one-volume Shakespeare, that his Ms. corrector makes the same alteration.”

1861 wh1

wh1: col1; mcol1

575 Wrong it thus] White (ed. 1861): “The folio misprints, ‘Roaming it thus.’ The almost obvious correction was left to be suggested by Mr. Collier in his edition of 1843-4, and was afterwards found in his folio of 1632. The 4tos. have, ‘Wrong it thus,’ from which and the folio reading was formed the ‘Wronging’ of the Variorum text.”

1865 hal

hal = warb, john; ≈ dyce

575 Wrong it thus]

1866 dyce2

dyce2 ≈ dyce1 minus struck out and differences in magenta

575 Wrong it thus] Dyce (ed. 1866): “The quartos, 1604, &c. have ‘Wrong it thus’ &c.; which has been altered to ‘Wronging it thus,’ and to ‘Wringing it thus,’ &c., The folio has “Roaming it thus,’ which Caldecott and Mr. Knight retain, and explain—to their own satisfaction. But that ‘Roaming’ is a mistake for ‘Running,’ I have been long convinced: so in a line of King John,— ‘Say, shall the current of our right run on?’— the folio erroneously has ‘—rome on?’ (see vol. iii. p. 259, note (15) see note 33, vol. iv. p. 82).—Mr. Collier also, in his note on the present passage, proposed ‘Running;’ and I now find, from his one-volume Shakespeare, that before it was known that his Ms. Corrector makes the same alteration.”

1867 Keightley

Keightley: col without attribution

574-5 Keightley (1867, p. 287): “This—with the omission of To, which had probably been effaced in the MS.—is the reading of the 4tos, and is most probably correct. (Introd., p. 79.) The editors of the folio, not seeing any sense in ‘Wrong,’ read ‘Roaming,’ which makes no sense at all; neither indeed does ‘To wrong” make a very good one. We might read—supposing the allusion to be to a horse—To run, as in ‘You run this humour out of breath’ [Err. 4.1.57 (1043)]. In [Jn. 2.1.576 (897)] we have ‘roam’ for run.”

1868 c&mc

c&mc: variant attributed to pope

575 Wrong] Clarke & Clarke (ed. 1868): “The Folio prints ‘roaming’ for ‘wronging’ here; but, as the Quartos give ‘wrong,’ we think it probable that ‘wronging’ (Pope’s emendation) is the word originally intended.”

1870 rug1

rug1: cam1

575 Wrong] “Running it thus. The quartos read ‘wrong it thus.’ The simplest correction would be ‘wronging’: the Cambridge editors and others prefer ‘running’ as being more connected with the metaphor.”

rug1

575 tender me a foole] Moberly (ed. 1870): “Esteem yourself at a higher rate, or else you’ll esteem me a fool.”

1872 cln1

cln1: Collier, dyce

575 Wrong] Clark & Wright (ed. 1872): “Running. This reading, proposed by Collier, was first adapted by Dyce [first, col2]. The quartos have ‘Wrong,’ the folios, ‘Roaming.’ The reading in the text is more in according with the figure in the previous line.”

1872 hud2

hud2 ≈ hud1; col2 (minus snide remarks and explanation of syntax as a whole)

575 Wrong] Hudson (ed. 1872): “The quartos have wrong and the folio roaming, instead of running, which is Mr. Collier’s correction, and is generally received.”

hud2 ≈ hud1

575 crack . . . phrase]

1873 rug2

rug2 = rug1

575 Wrong]

rug2 = rug1

575 tender me a foole] Moberly (ed. 1870): “Esteem yourself at a higher rate, or else you’ll esteem me a fool.”

1874 Corson

Corson: F1, cam1; ≈ del2 without attribution

575 Wrong] Corson (1874, p. 12): “The [cam1] reading, after Dyce (Collier conj.). It is not authorized by any of the Quartos, all of which read ‘Wrong’, or of the Folios, all reading ‘Roaming,’ which is probably right, Polonius having reference to his varying applications of the word ‘tender.’”

Nothing new here, as I indicate by not having a +

1877 v1877

v1877: col1, mcol1, dyce, wh1, cln1; pope, john, theon, Heath, warb, cald, Badham (Cam. Essays, 1856, p. 283 [with a conj. re 584 also]), Keightley, Corson

575 Wrong]

1877 dyce3

dyce3 = dyce2

575 Wrong]

1880 Tanger

Tanger

575 Wrong] Tanger (1880, p. 124): Q2 variant “probably owing to the negligence, inattention, or criticism of the compositor.”

He has no mark for F1’s Roaming, and so seems to accept it as correct.

1881 hud3

hud3 ≈ hud2

575 Wrong]

1885 macd

macd ≈ john on roaming without attribution

575 Wrong] MacDonald (ed. 1885): “[Roaming]—making it, ‘the poor phrase’ tenders, gallop wildly about—as one might roam a horse; larking it.”

macd: standard

575 you’l. . . foole] MacDonald (ed. 1885): “‘you will in your own person present me a fool.’”

1885 mull

mull = macd

575 Wrong]

1888 macl

macl: col +

575 Wrong] Maclachlan (ed. 1888), having decided that one of Polonius’s saving graces is the care he shows for his children, does not like Collier’s emendation running because such ingenuity is too much like Polonius’s dotard trifling in other instances. Wronging fits the seriousness of this occasion.

1899 ard1

ard1 ≈ cln1

575

ard1

575 tender . . . foole] Dowden (ed. 1899): “Does this mean, You will present yourself to me as a fool? or, present me (to the public) as a fool? or, can fool mean an innocent, a baby>—for Polonius is not over-delicate in his warnings. See [Rom. 1.3.31, 48 (383, 395)].”

1901 gol

gol = ard1 without attribution

575 tender . . . foole] Gollancz (ed. 1901): “Does this mean, You will present yourself to me as a fool? or, present me (to the public) as a fool? or, can fool mean an innocent, a baby>—for Polonius is not over-delicate in his warnings.”

1904 ver

ver = cln1 without attribution on metaphor in previous line +

575 Wrong] Verity (ed. 1904): “Running; an instance of that very rare thing—an almost certain emendation. The Quarto has using, [?] the Folio roaming.”

1907 bull

bull: standard VN +

575 Wrong] Bullen (ed. 1907, 10: 432): “‘Running’ (however far from the ductus literarum of the Quartos) is the obvious and only word.”

1924 vand

vand

575 Wrong] Van Dam (1924, p. 149), selects Tendring from Q1 because Q2 is “unintelligible” and F1, while it makes sense has not thought right by most editors. He thinks that it is better to use Q1 than to invent a word.

1929 trav

trav

574 winde] Travers (ed. 1929): “breath.”

1934 Wilson

Wilson MSH

575 Wrong] Wilson (1934, p. 315-16) <p. 315> asserts that both Q2 and F1 variants are nonsense. He agrees that running as Collier emended, must be correct. Wilson demonstrates how the correct reading was converted into the Q2 and F1 variants. Wilson thinks Sh. had ronning, “a common spelling at the time,” and he suspects Sh. wrote this rong, “with a contraction-curl for the second ‘n,’ [and] that this curl somehow became involved or identified with the horizontal stroke which in Elizabethan script </p. 315><p. 316 > closed the top of the ‘g,’ and [. . . ] that the Q2 compositor there fore took the word for ‘rong” and set it up as ‘wrong,’1 while Scribe P read it ‘romg and transcribed it accordingly as ‘roaming.” </p. 316>

<p. 316> <n. 1> “1 Cf. Q2 ‘vnwrong,’ F1 vnrung” at [2110]” </n. 1> </p. 316>

1938 parc

parc

575 tender] Parrott & Craig (ed. 1938): “offer.”

1939 kit2

kit2: Keightley Err. // without attribution + analogues

575 Wrong it thus] Kittredge (ed. 1939): "Running it thus: Cf. [Err. 4.1.57 (1043): ’Fie, now you run this humour out of breath!’ Chapman, An Humorous Day’s Mirth (Pearson ed., I, 65): Here’s a poore name run out of breath quickly!’; Milton, Animadversion upon the Remonstrant’s Defence (Pickering ed., III, 240): ’You thus persecute ingenuous men all over your booke with this one over-tir’d rubricall conceit still of blushing; but if you have no mercy upon them, yet spare your selfe, lest you bejade the good gallloway, your owne opiniastre wit, and make the very conceit it selfe blush with spur-galling.’ " Running is "Collier’s emendation for Wrong [Q2] or Roaming [F1]."

1980 pen2

pen2

575 tender . . . foole] Spencer (ed. 1980): “(as the father of a girl who is intriguing with the heir to the throne, or who has been seduced; or perhaps ’exhibit yourself to me as a fool, a girl who has been seduced’. Ophelia’s reply shows that she understands her father to think she might be seduced.”

1982 ard2

ard2:

575 Wrong] Jenkins (ed. 1982): “In this generally accepted emendation running completes the metaphor of the broken-winded horse in the previous line. For the metaphor cf. 3H6 1.4.127, ’beggars mounted run their horse to death’; Err. 4.1.57, ’You run this humour out of breath’; Chapman, An Humorous Day’s Mirth, sc. 5.65 (after puns on a man’s name), ’Here’s a poor name run out of breath’. Running the phrase compares with hunting or coursing the letter (referring to alliteration, as in E.K.’s epistle before The Shepherd’s Calendar and Sidney’s Apology). With F Roaming cf. F rome (for run?) in Jn. 2.1.335. Both this and Q2 Wrong could well arise from manuscript ron(n)ing (Dover Wilson, MSH, pp. 315-16). Those who prefer the emendation Wringing or Wronging lose the force of the metaphor, which others would change altogether by emending wind to ring, on a supposed analogy with 2.2.424-5. See SQ, 31: 88-90. Q1 tendring, though occasionally followed, is obviously a memory confusion.”

ard2: ard1; analog

575 tender . . . fool] “Polonius sustains the notion of the offer of a bad bargain, but is now himself the victim. The fool Ophelia will offer to him is of course herself. Though it might not be beyond him, there is no justification for supposing that Polonius has a bastard in mind. Fool unqualified does not mean ’baby’ —when the child in Rom. 1.2.32, 49, is called pretty fool, this is a normal term of endearment. The further suggestion that Polonius may mean that Ophelia will make a fool of him—’present me (to the public) as a fool’—(Dowden)—also strains the text.”

1985 cam4

cam4: standard; Dowden

575 tender me a foole] Edwards (ed. 1985): "present me as a fool. (Other interpretations include ’present yourself as a fool to me’ and Dowden’s ingenious idea, ’present me with an illegitimate baby’.) Polonius’s concern here is for himself. He is thinking what a fool he will look at court if Ophelia is involved in a scandal."

1987 oxf4

oxf4

575 Wrong] Hibbard (ed. 1987): "Collier’s emendation [running] seems much the most satisfactory solution of the crux caused by three different readings, none of which makes sense. The metaphor derives from the common phenomenon in Shakespeare’s day of the horse that has become broken-winded as a result of overwork. OED quotes John Fitzherbert, A new tract . . . for all husbandmen (1523): ‘Broken winded is an ill disease, and cometh of running or riding over much . . . and will not be mended.’ Shakespeare refers to a horse as a ‘poor jade’ twice: at [1H4 2.1.6-7 (640)], and [2H4 1.1.45 (99)]. The similarity in sound between ‘poor jade’ and poor phrase’ seems to clinch the matter."

oxf4

575 tender . . . foole] Hibbard (ed. 1987): "show yourself a fool in my eyes (Onions). Compare [LLL 2.1.242-3 (747-8)], ‘jewels in crystal . . . tendering their own worth.’ "

1988 bev2

bev2: standard

575 tender . . . foole] Bevington (ed. 1988): “(1) show yourself to me as a fool (2) show me up as a fool (3) present me with a grandchild. (Fool was a term of endearment for a child.).”

1992 fol2

fol2 ≈ standard; no. 3 gloss of ’fool’ contra ard2 without attribution

575 tender me a foole] Mowat & Werstine (ed. 1992): “(1) show yourself to me as a fool; (2) make me look like a fool; (3) present me with a grandchild (The word ’fool’ was used as a term of endearment for a child.)”

2006 ard3q2

ard3q2: john; jen; pope; ard2, F1; Blake

575 Wrong] Wronging Thompson & Taylor (ed. 2006): “We follow Johnson and Jennens in adopting Pope’s emendation of Q2’s ’Wrong’ as making better sense with the least disturbance of the text, although ’Wringing’ is an attractive conjecture; most editors (including Jenkins) adopt ’Running’, an emendation of F’s ’Roaming’ (see TNM). Blake suggests ’Wrong’ could be taken with what follows rather than with what precedes it, so that line [575] would mean ’If you corrupt your conduct in this way, you will make a fool of me’ (Blake, 4.3.3c).”

ard3q2: standard

575 tender . . . foole] Thompson & Taylor (ed. 2006): “(1) make a fool of me; (2) present yourself to me as a fool. Ophelia defends herself against the latter accusation in her reply.”