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Line 296 - Commentary Note (CN) More Information

Notes for lines 0-1017 ed. Bernice W. Kliman
For explanation of sigla, such as jen, see the editions bib.
296 It is most {retrogard} <retrograde> to our desire,1.2.114
1611 Chapman
Chapman May Day
296 Chapman (1611, p. 51): “Come, be not retrograde to our desires.”
Ed. note: This 1611 text spells the word retrograde; not found in Ham. till F1 and Q4.
1869 tsch
tsch
296 retrogard] Tschischwitz (ed. 1869, apud Furness, ed. 1877): “A word borrowed from astrology. When the planets were retrograde, that is, when they were going away from the earth’s orbit, they were under certain circumstances hostile to human plans.”
1872 cln1
cln1tsch without attribution
296 retrogard] Clark & Wright (ed. 1872): “originally an astrological term.”
1878 rlf1
rlf1: standard + // AWW 1.1.198(204) [quotes]
296 retrogard]
1880 meik
meik: standard +
296 retrogard] Meikeljohn (ed. 1880): “Another piece of affectation for contrary to our wish. The word was an old astrological term, and opposed to predominant.
1899 ard1
ard1: standard gloss; + Hales, Chapman; // AWW 1.2.12 = rlf1 without attribution
296 retrogard] Dowden (ed. 1899): “Prof. Hales notes in Chapman’s May-Day (vol. ii. p. 373, ed. 1873): ‘Be not retrograde to our desires.’”
1904 ver
ver = Boas +
296 Verity (ed. 1904) quotes or paraphrases Boas: “‘Had Claudius but known it, he would have been furthering his own safety by letting Hamlet depart. But a criminal never feels secure save when he can keep his eye on all whom he mistrusts, and it is a criminal who wears the crown of Denmark.’” Verity continues, “But perhaps Claudius was influenced by the Queen’s obvious wish.”
1934 Wilson
Wilson MSH
296 retrogard] Wilson (1934, p. 94) considers the Q2 variant an example of “transposed letters.” Others are rehume for rheum (1547), and spend thirfts for spend thrifts (3112+9).
1938 parc
parc
296 retrogard] Parrott & Craig (ed. 1938): “contrary.#x201D;
1939 kit2
kit2: standard + Chapman
296 retrogard] Kittredge (ed. 1939): "contrary; literally moving backward. Cf. Chapman, May Day, iii (Pearson, ed. ll. 373): [quotes]. Retrograde, as an astrological term, describes the motion of a planet when it seems to move backward, i.e., in a direction contrary to the order of the signs of the zodiac."
1947 cln2
cln2: standard
296 retrogard] Rylands (ed. 1947): "opposed. "
1957 pel1
pel1: standard
296 retrogard] Farnham (ed. 1957): “contrary.”
1958 fol1
fol1: standard
296 retrogard] retrograde Wright & LaMar (ed. 1958): “opposed, contrary.”
1970 pel2
pel2 = pel1
296 retrogard] retrograde Farnham (ed. 1970): “contrary”
1980 pen2
pen2
296 retrogard] Spencer (ed. 1980): “contrary.”
1982 ard2
ard2: kit2 without attribution
296 retrogard] Jenkins (ed. 1982): “ retrograde: lit., going backwards, hence contrary. Chapman, May Day, [3.3.196], ’Come, be not retrograde to our desires’, is probably an echo.”
1985 cam4
cam4
296 retrogard] retrograde Edwards (ed. 1985): "contrary."
1987 oxf4
oxf4: AWW 1.2.198 (204)
296 retrogard] Hibbard (ed. 1987): According to the OED, Sh. appears to have invented the figurative sense of this word, previously applied to the astronomical appearance of backward movement of some stars.
1988 bev2
bev2: standard
296 retrogard] Bevington (ed. 1988): “contrary.”
1992 fol2
fol2
296 retrogard] retrograde Mowat & Werstine (ed. 1992): “opposite, contrary”
1995 OED
OED
296 retrogard] OED: credits Sh. with the metaphor from astrology and notes that Milton and Samuel Johnson use it also.
2006 ard3q2
ard3q2: standard
296 retrogard] retrograde Thompson & Taylor (ed. 2006): “contrary (literally, a step backwards; the word could also, in astronomy, refer to the movement of a planet, apparently against the zodiac)”
2006 ard3q2
ard3q2
297 bend . . . remaine] Thompson & Taylor (ed. 2006): “subordinate your wishes to ours by staying (see the use of bend in [236]) ”
296