The Enfolded Prelude: Book Seventh
1805 text is in green 1850 text is in purple
Five Six changeful years are have vanished since I first poured out,first
Saluted Poured out (saluted by that animating quickening breeze
Which met me issuing from the city's walls,City's walls)
A glad preamble to this verse. Verse: I sang
Aloud in dithyrambic fervour, deepAloud, with fervour irresistible
But Of short-lived uproar, transport, like a torrent sentbursting,
Out of the bowels of From a bursting cloud
Down Scawfell or Blencathara's rugged sides,black thunder-cloud, down Scafell's side
A waterspout from heaven. To rush and disappear. But 'twas not longsoon broke forth
Ere (So willed the interrupted strain broke forth once more,Muse) a less impetuous stream,
And That flowed awhile in strength; then with unabating strength,
Then stopped for years—
Not heard again until a little space
Before last primrose-time. years; not audible again
Before last primrose-time. Beloved friend,Friend!
The assurances assurance which then given unto myself,
Which did beguile me of cheered some heavy thoughts
At On thy departure to a foreign land,land
Have Has failed; for too slowly doth this work advance.moves the promised work.
Through the whole summer I have I been at rest,
Partly from voluntary holidayholiday,
And part through outward hindrance. But I heardheard,
After the hour of sunset yester-even,
Sitting within doors betwixt between light and dark,
A voice that stirred me. 'Twas a little band,
A quire choir of redbreasts gathered somewhere near
My threshold, minstrels from the distant woods
And dells, sent Sent in by Winter to bespeak
For the old man a welcome, on Winter's service, to announceannounce,
With preparation artful and benign—
Yea, the most gentle music of the year
That their rough lord had left the surly north,
And hath begun his journey. A delightbenign,
At That the rough lord had left the surly North
On his accustomed journey. The delight,
Due to this unthought-of-greeting timely notice, unawares
Smote me, a sweetness of the coming time,
And, and, listening, I half whispered, 'We will be,in whispers said,
Ye "Ye heartsome choristers, Choristers, ye and I will be
Brethren, and in the hearing of bleak windsAssociates, and, unscared by blustering winds,
Will chaunt together.' And, thereafter, walkingchant together." Thereafter, as the shades
By later Of twilight on the hills deepened, going forth, I sawspied
A glow-worm, from beneath glow-worm underneath a dusky shadeplume
Or canopy of the yet unwithered fernfern,
Clear shining, Clear-shining, like a hermit's taper seen
Through a thick forest. Silence touched me here
No less than sound had done before; the child
Of summer, Summer, lingering, shining shining, by itself,herself,
The voiceless worm on the unfrequented hills,
Seemed sent on the same errand with the quirechoir
Of winter Winter that had warbled at my door,
And the whole year seemed breathed tenderness and love.
The last night's genial feeling overflowed
Upon this morning, and my favorite grove—
Now tossing its dark boughs in sun and wind—
Spreads through me a commotion like its own,
Something that fits me for the poet's task,
Which we will now resume with chearful hope,
Nor checked by aught of tamer argument
That lies before us, needful to be told.favourite grove,
Tossing in sunshine its dark boughs aloft,
As if to make the strong wind visible,
Wakes in me agitations like its own,
A spirit friendly to the Poet's task,
Which we will now resume with lively hope,
Nor checked by aught of tamer argument
That lies before us, needful to be told.
Returned from that excursion, soon I bade
Farewell for ever to the private bowerssheltered seats
Of gowned students students, quitted these, no morehall and bower,
To enter them, and pitched my vagrant tent,And every comfort of that privileged ground,
A casual dweller and at large, Well pleased to pitch a vagrant tent among
The unfenced regions of society.
Yet Yet, undetermined to what plan course of life
I should adhere, and seeming thence to havepossess
A little space of intermediate time
Loose and at At full command, to London first
first I turned, if not in calmness, neverthelessturned,
In no disturbance of excessive hope—
At ease from all ambition personal,
Frugal as there was need, and though self-willed,
Yet temperate and reserved, and wholly free
From dangerous passions. 'Twas at least two yearshope,
Before this season when By personal ambition unenslaved,
Frugal as there was need, and, though self-willed,
From dangerous passions free. Three years had flown
Since I had felt in heart and soul the shock
Of the huge town's first beheldpresence, and had paced
That mighty place, Her endless streets, a transient visitant;visitant:
Now, fixed amid that concourse of mankind
Where Pleasure whirls about incessantly,
And now it pleased me my abode to fixlife and labour seem but one, I filled
Single in the wide waste. An idler's place; an idler well content
To have a house,
It was enough what house (what matter for a home?—
That owned me, living chearfully abroad
With fancy on the stir from day to day,
And all my young affections out of doors.home?)
That owned him; living cheerfully abroad
With unchecked fancy ever on the stir,
And all my young affections out of doors.
There was a time when whatso'er whatsoe'er is feigned
Of airy palaces palaces, and gardens built
By genii Genii of romance, romance; or hath in grave
Authentic history been set forth of Rome,
Alcairo, Babylon, or Persepolis,Persepolis;
Or given upon report by pilgrim friarsfriars,
Of golden cities ten months' journey deep
Among Tartarean wilds, Tartarian wilds fell short, far short,
Of that which I in simpleness what my fond simplicity believed
And thought of London held me by a chain
Less strong of wonder and obscure delight.
I know not that herein I shot beyondWhether the bolt of childhood's Fancy shot
The common mark of childhood, but I wellFor me beyond its ordinary mark,
Remember that among 'Twere vain to ask; but in our flock of boys
Was one, One, a cripple from the his birth, whom chance
Summoned from school to London London; fortunate
And envied traveller and when he traveller! When the Boy returned,
After short absence, and curiously I first set eyesscanned
Upon his His mien and person, verily, though strange
The thing may seem, I nor was not wholly freefree, in sooth,
From disappointment to behold the same
Appearance, the same body, disappointment, not to find
Some change, find some beams of glory brought awaychange
From In look and air, from that new region, region brought,
As if from Fairy-land. Much I questioned him,him;
And every word he uttered, on my ears
Fell flatter than a caged parrot's note,
That answers unexpectedly awry,
And mocks the prompter's listening. Marvellous things
My fancy had shaped forth of sights and shows,Had vanity (quick Spirit that appears
Processions, equipages, lords Almost as deeply seated and dukes,as strong
In a Child's heart as fear itself) conceived
For my enjoyment. Would that I could now
Recall what then I pictured to myself,
Of mitred Prelates, Lords in ermine clad,
The King King, and the King's palace, and Palace, and, not lastlast,
Or Nor least, heaven Heaven bless him! the renowned Lord Mayor—
Dreams hardly less intense than those which wrought
A change of purpose in young Whittington
When he in fiendlessness, a drooping boy,
Sate on a stone and heard the bells speak out
Articulate music. Mayor.
Dreams not unlike to those which once begat
A change of purpose in young Whittington,
When he, a friendless and a drooping boy,
Sate on a stone, and heard the bells speak out
Articulate music. Above all, one thought
Baffled my understanding, understanding: how men lived
Even next-door neighbours, as we say, yet still
Strangers, and knowing not knowing each the other's names.name.
Oh Oh, wondrous power of words, how sweet they areby simple faith
According Licensed to take the meaning which they bring—
Vauxhall and Ranelagh, I then had heard
Of your green groves and wilderness of lamps,
Your gorgeous ladies, fairy cataracts,
And pageant fireworks. Nor must that we forgetlove!
Those other wonders, different Vauxhall and Ranelagh! I then had heard
Of your green groves, and wilderness of lamps
Dimming the stars, and fireworks magical,
And gorgeous ladies, under splendid domes,
Floating in kinddance, or warbling high in air
Though scarcely The songs of spirits! Nor had Fancy fed
With less illustrious in degree,delight upon that other class
Of marvels, broad-day wonders permanent:
The river River proudly bridged, bridged; the giddy dizzy top
And Whispering Gallery of St. Paul's, Paul's; the tombs
Of Westminster, Westminster; the Giants of Guildhall,Guildhall;
Bedlam Bedlam, and the two figures those carved maniacs at its the gates,
Streets without end and churches numberless,Perpetually recumbent; Statues man,
Statues with flowery gardens And the horse under him in gilded pomp
Adorning flowery gardens, 'mid vast squares,squares;
The Monument, and Armoury that Chamber of the Tower.Tower
These fond imaginations, of themselves,Where England's sovereigns sit in long array,
Had long before given way Their steeds bestriding, every mimic shape
Cased in season due,the gleaming mail the monarch wore,
Leaving a throng of Whether for gorgeous tournament addressed,
Or life or death upon the battle-field.
Those bold imaginations in due time
Had vanished, leaving others in their stead;stead:
And now I looked upon the real scene,living scene;
Familiarly perused it day by day,
With keen and lively pleasure even thereit; oftentimes,
Where disappointment was the strongest, In spite of strongest disappointment, pleased
Through courteous self-submission, as a tax
Paid to the object by prescriptive right,right.
A thing that ought to be. Shall I give way,Rise up, thou monstrous ant-hill on the plain
Copying the impression Of a too busy world! Before me flow,
Thou endless stream of the memory—
Though things remembered idly do half seem
The work of fancy shall I, as the mood
Inclines me, here describe for pastime's sake,
Some portion of that motley imagery,
A vivid pleasure of my youth, and now,
Among the lonely places that I love,
A frequent daydream for my riper mind?
And first, the look and aspect of the place—
The broad highway appearance, as it strikes
On strangers of all ages, the quick dance
Of colours, lights and forms, the Babel din,
The endless stream of men and moving things,
From hour to hour the illimitable walk
Still among streets, with clouds and sky above,
The wealth, the bustle and the eagerness,
The glittering chariots with their pampered steeds,
Stalls, barrows, porters, midway in the street
The scavenger that begs with hat in hand,
The labouring hackney-coaches, the rash speed
Of coaches travelling far, whirled on with horn
Loud blowing, and the sturdy drayman's team
Ascending from some alley of the Thames
And striking right across the crowded Strand
Till the fore-horse veer round with punctual skill;
Here, there, and everywhere, a weary throng,
That comers and the goers face to face
Face after face the string of dazzling wares,
Shop after shop, with symbols, blazoned names,
And all the tradesman's honours overhead:
Here, fronts of houses, like a title-page
With letters huge inscribed from top to toe;
Stationed above the door like guardian saints,
There, allegoric shapes, female or male,
Or physiognomies of real men,
Land-warriors, kings, or admirals of the sea,
Boyle, Shakespear, Newton, or the attractive head
Of some quack-doctor, famous in his day.men and moving things!
Thy every-day appearance, as it strikes—
With wonder heightened, or sublimed by awe—
On strangers, of all ages; the quick dance
Of colours, lights, and forms; the deafening din;
The comers and the goers face to face,
Face after face; the string of dazzling wares,
Shop after shop, with symbols, blazoned names,
And all the tradesman's honours overhead:
Here, fronts of houses, like a title-page,
With letters huge inscribed from top to toe,
Stationed above the door, like guardian saints;
There, allegoric shapes, female or male,
Or physiognomies of real men,
Land-warriors, kings, or admirals of the sea,
Boyle, Shakspeare, Newton, or the attractive head
Of some quack-doctor, famous in his day.
Meanwhile the roar continues, till at length,
Escaped as from an enemy, we turn
Abruptly into some sequestered nook,
Still as a sheltered place when winds blow loud.loud!
At leisure leisure, thence, through tracts of thin resort,
And sights and sounds that come at intervals,
We take our way a way. A raree-show is herehere,
With children gathered round, round; another street
Presents a company of dancing dogs,
Or dromedary dromedary, with an antic pair
Of monkies monkeys on his back, back; a minstrel-bandminstrel band
Of Savoyards, Savoyards; or, single and alone,
An English ballad-singer. Private courts,
Gloomy as coffins, and unsightly lanes
Thrilled by some female vendor's screamscream, belike
The very shrillest of all London cries—
May then entangle us awhile,
Conducted through those labyrinths unawares
To privileged regions and inviolate,
Where from their aery lodges studious lawyers
Look out on waters, walks, and gardens green.cries,
belikeMay then entangle our impatient steps;
Conducted through those labyrinths, unawares,
To privileged regions and inviolate,
Where from their airy lodges studious lawyers
Look out on waters, walks, and gardens green.
Thence back into the throng, until we reach—
Following the tide that slackens by degrees—
Some half-frequented scene where wider streets
Bring straggling breezes of suburban air.reach,
Following the tide that slackens by degrees,
Some half-frequented scene, where wider streets
Bring straggling breezes of suburban air.
Here files of ballads dangle from dead walls,walls;
Advertisements Advertisements, of giant size, giant-size, from high
Press forward forward, in all colours colours, on the sigh[—
These, bold in conscious merit lower down,
That, fronted with a most imposing word,
Is peradventure one in masquerade.sight;
These, bold in conscious merit, lower down;
'That', fronted with a most imposing word,
Is, peradventure, one in masquerade.
As on the broadening causeway we advance,
Behold Behold, turned upwards, a face turned up towards us, hard and strong
In lineaments, and red with over-toil:over-toil.
'Tis one perhaps already met elsewhere,encountered here and everywhere;
A travelling cripple, by the trunk cut short,
And stumping with on his arms. In sailor's garb
Another lies at length length, beside a range
Of written well-formed characters, with chalk inscribed
Upon the smooth flat stones. The nurse flint stones: the Nurse is here,
The bachelor Bachelor, that loves to sun himself,
The military idler, Idler, and the dameDame,
That field-ward takes her walk in decency.with decent steps.
Now homeward through the thickening hubbub, where
See See, among less distinguishable shapes—
The Italian, with his frame of images
Upon his head; with basket at his waist,
The Jew; the stately and slow-moving Turk,
With freight of slippers piled beneath his arm.shapes,
Briefly, we find (if tired The begging scavenger, with hat in hand;
The Italian, as he thrids his way with care,
Steadying, far-seen, a frame of random sights,images
And haply to that search our thoughts should turn)Upon his head; with basket at his breast
Among The Jew; the crowd, conspicuous less or morestately and slow-moving Turk,
As we proceed, With freight of slippers piled beneath his arm!
Enough; the mighty concourse I surveyed
With no unthinking mind, well pleased to note
Among the crowd all specimens of manman,
Through all the colours which the sun bestows,
And every character of form and face:
The Swede, the Russian; from the genial south,
The Frenchman and the Spaniard; from remote
America, the hunter Indian; Hunter-Indian; Moors,
Malays, Lascars, the Tartar and Tartar, the Chinese,
And Negro ladies Ladies in white muslin gowns.
At leisure let us view leisure, then, I viewed, from day to day,
As they present themselves, the spectacles
Within doors: troops of wild beasts, The spectacles within doors, birds and beasts
Of every nature from all climes convened,nature, and strange plants convened
And, next to these, From every clime; and, next, those mimic sights that ape
The absolute presence of reality,
Expressing Expressing, as in mirror mirror, sea and land,
And what earth is, and what she hath has to shew—
I do not here allude to subtlest craft,
By means refined attaining purest ends,
But imitations fondly made in plain
Confession of man's weakness and his loves.show.
Whether the painter fashioning a workI do not here allude to subtlest craft,
To Nature's circumambient scenery,By means refined attaining purest ends,
And with But imitations, fondly made in plain
Confession of man's weakness and his greedy pencil loves.
Whether the Painter, whose ambitious skill
Submits to nothing less than taking in
A whole horizon on all sides horizon's circuit, do with powerpower,
Like that of angels or commissioned spirits,
Plant Fix us upon some lofty pinnaclepinnacle,
Or in a ship on waters, with a world
Of life life, and lifelike life-like mockery to east,beneath,
To west, beneath, behind us, Above, behind, far stretching and before,before;
Or more mechanic artist represent
By scale exact, in model, wood or clay,
From shading blended colours also borrowing help,
Some miniature of famous spots and things,
Domestic, or the boast of foreign realms:
The Firth of Forth, and Edinburgh, throned
On crags, fit empress of that mountain land;
St things,—
St. Peter's Church; or, more aspiring aim,
In microscopic vision, Rome itself;herself;
Or else, perhaps, Or, haply, some choice rural haunt, the Falls
Of Tivoli, and dim Frescati's bowers,
And Tivoli; and, high upon the steep that mouldering fane,steep,
The Temple of the Sibyl Sibyl's mouldering Temple! every treetree,
Through all Villa, or cottage, lurking among rocks
Throughout the landscape, landscape; tuft, stone, stone scratch minute,minute
And every cottage, lurking in All that the rocks.—
All that the traveller sees when he is there.traveller sees when he is there.
And Add to these exhibitions exhibitions, mute and stillstill,
Others of wider scope, where living men,
Music, and shifting pantomimic scenes,
Together joined their multifarious aid
To heighten Diversified the allurement. Need I fear
To mention by its name, as in degreedegree,
Lowest of these, these and humblest in attempt.—
Yet richly graced with honours of its own.attempt,
Yet richly graced with honours of her own,
Half-rural Sadler's Wells? Though at that time
Intolerant, as is the way of youth
Unless itself be pleased, I here more than once
Here took Taking my seat, and, maugre frequent fitsI saw (nor blush to add,
Of irksomeness, with With ample recompense
Saw singes, rope-dancers, recompense) giants and dwarfs,
Clowns, conjurors, posture-masters, harlequins,
Amid the uproar of the rabblement,
Perform their feats. Nor was it mean delight
To watch crude Nature work in untaught minds,minds;
To note the laws and progress of belief—
Though obstinate on this way, yet on that
How willingly we travel, and how far !—
To have, for instance, brought upon the scene
The champion, Jack the Giant-killer; lo,
He dons his coat of darkness, on the stage
Walks, and archieves his wonders, from the eye
Of living mortal safe as is the moon
'Hid in her vacant interlunar cave'.belief;
Delusion bold (and faith must needs be coy)Though obstinate on this way, yet on that
How is it wrought? willingly we travel, and how far!
To have, for instance, brought upon the scene
The champion, Jack the Giant-killer: Lo!
He dons his coat of darkness; on the stage
Walks, and achieves his wonders, from the eye
Of living Mortal covert, "as the moon
Hid in her vacant interlunar cave."
Delusion bold! and how can it be wrought?
The garb he wears is black, black as death, the word
Invisible "Invisible" flames forth upon his chest.
Nor was it unamusing here to viewHere, too, were "forms and pressures of the time,"
Those samples, Rough, bold, as of the ancient comedyGrecian comedy displayed
And Thespian times, When Art was young; dramas of living menmen,
And recent things yet warm with life: life; a sea-fight,
Shipwreck, or some domestic incident
The fame of which is scattered through the land,Divulged by Truth and magnified by Fame;
Such as this the daring brotherhood of late
Set forth forth, too holy serious theme for such a place,that light place
And doubtless treated with irreverence,I mean, O distant Friend! a story drawn
Albeit with their very best From our own ground, the Maid of skill—
I mean, O distant friend, a story drawn
From our own ground, the Maid of Buttermere,
And how the spoiler came, 'a bold bad man'
To God unfaithful, children, wife, and home,
And wooed the artless daughter of the hills,
And wedded her, in cruel mockery
Of love and marriage bonds. O friend, I speakButtermere,
With tender recollection of that timeAnd how, unfaithful to a virtuous wife
When first we saw Deserted and deceived, the maiden, then a nameSpoiler came
By us unheard And wooed the artless daughter of the hills,
And wedded her, in her cottage-inncruel mockery
Were welcomed, Of love and attended on by her,marriage bonds. These words to thee
Both stricken Must needs bring back the moment when we first,
Ere the broad world rang with one feeling of delight,the maiden's name,
An Beheld her serving at the cottage inn;
Both stricken, as she entered or withdrew,
With admiration of her modest mien
And carriage, marked by unexampled grace.
Not unfamiliarly we We since that timetime not unfamiliarly
Have seen her, her discretion have observed,
Her just opinions, female modesty,delicate reserve,
Her patience, and retiredness humility of mind
Unspoiled by commendation and the excess
Of public notice. This memorial verse
Comes from the poet's heart, and is her due;notice an offensive light
For we were nursed as almost might be said—
On the same mountains, children at one time,
Must haply often on the self-same day
Have from our several dwellings gone abroad
To gather daffodils on Coker's stream.To a meek spirit suffering inwardly.
These last words uttered, From this memorial tribute to my argumenttheme
I was returning, when when, with sundry forms
Mingled, that Commingled shapes which met me in the way which I must treadway
Before me stand That we must tread thy image rose again,
Mary Maiden of Buttermere! She lives in peace
Upon the spot where she as was born and reared;
Without contamination does doth she live
In quietness, without anxiety.anxiety:
Beside the mountain chapel chapel, sleeps in earth
Her new-born infant, fearless as a lamb
That That, thither comes driven from some unsheltered placeplace,
To rest beneath Rests underneath the little rock-like pile
When storms are blowing. raging. Happy are they both,
Mother and child! These feelings, in themselves
Trite, do yet scarcely seem so when I think
Of those ingenuous moments of our youth
Ere yet by use we have learnt to slight the crimes
And sorrows of the world. both.—
Mother and child! These feelings, in themselves
Trite, do yet scarcely seem so when I think
On those ingenuous moments of our youth
Ere we have learnt by use to slight the crimes
And sorrows of the world. Those days are nowsimple days
My theme, Are now my theme; and, 'mid foremost of the numerous scenes which theyscenes,
Have left behind them, foremost I am crossedWhich yet survive in memory, appears
Here by remembrance of two figures: oneOne, at whose centre sate a lovely Boy,
A rosy babe, who sportive infant, who, for a twelvemonth's spacesix months' space,
Perhaps Not more, had been of age to deal about
Articulate prattle, child prattle Child as beautiful
As ever sate upon clung around a mother's knee;neck,
Or father fondly gazed upon with pride.
There, too, conspicuous for stature tall
And large dark eyes, beside her infant stood
The other was the parent of that babe—
But on the mother's cheek the tints were false,
A painted bloom. 'Twas at a theatremother; but, upon her cheeks diffused,
That I beheld this pair; False tints too well accorded with the boy glare
From play-house lustres thrown without reserve
On every object near. The Boy had been
The pride and pleasure of all lookers-on
In whatsoever place, but seemed in this
A sort of alien scattered from the clouds.
Of lusty vigour, more than infantine,infantine
He was in limbs, limb, in face cheek a cottage summer rose
Just three part parts blown a cottage-child, but ne'ercottage-child if e'er,