The Enfolded Prelude: Book Seventh

1805 text is in green 1850 text is in purple

Book Seventh

Residence in London


    Five Six changeful years are have vanished since I first poured out,first
    Saluted Poured out (saluted by that animating quickening breeze
    Which met me issuing from the city's walls,City's walls)
    A glad preamble to this verse. Verse: I sang
    Aloud in dithyrambic fervour, deepAloud, with fervour irresistible
    But Of short-lived uproar, transport, like a torrent sentbursting,
    Out of the bowels of From a bursting cloud
    Down Scawfell or Blencathara's rugged sides,
black thunder-cloud, down Scafell's side
    A waterspout from heaven. To rush and disappear. But 'twas not longsoon broke forth
    Ere (So willed the interrupted strain broke forth once more,Muse) a less impetuous stream,
    And That flowed awhile in strength; then with unabating strength,
    Then
stopped for years—
    Not heard again until a little space
    Before last primrose-time.
years; not audible again
    Before last primrose-time.
Beloved friend,Friend!
    The assurances assurance which then given unto myself,
    Which did beguile me of
cheered some heavy thoughts
    At On thy departure to a foreign land,land
    Have Has failed; for too slowly doth this work advance.moves the promised work.
    Through the whole summer I have I been at rest,
    Partly from voluntary holidayholiday,
    And part through outward hindrance. But I heardheard,
    After the hour of sunset yester-even,
    Sitting within doors betwixt between light and dark,
    A voice that stirred me. 'Twas a little band,
    A quire
choir of redbreasts gathered somewhere near
    My threshold, minstrels from the distant woods
    And dells, sent Sent in by Winter to bespeak
    For the old man a welcome,
on Winter's service, to announceannounce,
    With preparation artful and benign—
    Yea, the most gentle music of the year
    That their rough lord had left the surly north,
    And hath begun his journey. A delight
benign,
    At That the rough lord had left the surly North
    On his accustomed journey. The delight,
    Due to
this unthought-of-greeting timely notice, unawares
    Smote me, a sweetness of the coming time,
    And,
and, listening, I half whispered, 'We will be,in whispers said,
    Ye "Ye heartsome choristers, Choristers, ye and I will be
    Brethren, and in the hearing of bleak windsAssociates, and, unscared by blustering winds,
    Will chaunt together.' And, thereafter, walkingchant together." Thereafter, as the shades
    By later Of twilight on the hills deepened, going forth, I sawspied
    A glow-worm, from beneath glow-worm underneath a dusky shadeplume
    Or canopy of the yet unwithered fernfern,
    Clear shining, Clear-shining, like a hermit's taper seen
    Through a thick forest. Silence touched me here
    No less than sound had done before; the child
    Of summer, Summer, lingering, shining shining, by itself,herself,
    The voiceless worm on the unfrequented hills,
    Seemed sent on the same errand with the quirechoir
    Of winter Winter that had warbled at my door,
    And the whole year seemed breathed tenderness and love.
    The last night's genial feeling overflowed
    Upon this morning, and my favorite grove—
    Now tossing its dark boughs in sun and wind—
    Spreads through me a commotion like its own,
    Something that fits me for the poet's task,
    Which we will now resume with chearful hope,
    Nor checked by aught of tamer argument
    That lies before us, needful to be told.
favourite grove,
    Tossing in sunshine its dark boughs aloft,
    As if to make the strong wind visible,
    Wakes in me agitations like its own,
    A spirit friendly to the Poet's task,
    Which we will now resume with lively hope,
    Nor checked by aught of tamer argument
    That lies before us, needful to be told.
    
Returned from that excursion, soon I bade
    Farewell for ever to the private bowerssheltered seats
    Of gowned students students, quitted these, no morehall and bower,
    To enter them, and pitched my vagrant tent,And every comfort of that privileged ground,
    A casual dweller and at large, Well pleased to pitch a vagrant tent among
    The unfenced regions of society.
    Yet Yet, undetermined to what plan course of life
    I should adhere, and seeming thence to havepossess
    A little space of intermediate time
    Loose and at At full command, to London first
    
first I turned, if not in calmness, neverthelessturned,
    In no disturbance of excessive hope—
    At ease from all ambition personal,
    Frugal as there was need, and though self-willed,
    Yet temperate and reserved, and wholly free
    From dangerous passions. 'Twas at least two years
hope,
    Before this season when By personal ambition unenslaved,
    Frugal as there was need, and, though self-willed,
    From dangerous passions free. Three years had flown
    Since
I had felt in heart and soul the shock
    Of the huge town's
first beheldpresence, and had paced
    That mighty place, Her endless streets, a transient visitant;visitant:
    Now, fixed amid that concourse of mankind
    Where Pleasure whirls about incessantly,
    
And now it pleased me my abode to fixlife and labour seem but one, I filled
    Single in the wide waste. An idler's place; an idler well content
    
To have a house,
    It was enough what
house (what matter for a home?—
    That owned me, living chearfully abroad
    With fancy on the stir from day to day,
    And all my young affections out of doors.
home?)
    That owned him; living cheerfully abroad
    With unchecked fancy ever on the stir,
    And all my young affections out of doors.
    
There was a time when whatso'er whatsoe'er is feigned
    Of airy palaces palaces, and gardens built
    By genii Genii of romance, romance; or hath in grave
    Authentic history been set forth of Rome,
    Alcairo, Babylon, or Persepolis,Persepolis;
    Or given upon report by pilgrim friarsfriars,
    Of golden cities ten months' journey deep
    Among Tartarean wilds, Tartarian wilds fell short, far short,
    Of that which I in simpleness what my fond simplicity believed
    And thought of London held me by a chain
    Less strong of wonder and obscure delight.
    I know not that herein I shot beyondWhether the bolt of childhood's Fancy shot
    The common mark of childhood, but I wellFor me beyond its ordinary mark,
    Remember that among 'Twere vain to ask; but in our flock of boys
    Was one, One, a cripple from the his birth, whom chance
    Summoned from school to London London; fortunate
    And envied traveller and when he traveller! When the Boy returned,
    After short absence, and curiously I first set eyesscanned
    Upon his His mien and person, verily, though strange
    The thing may seem, I
nor was not wholly freefree, in sooth,
    From disappointment to behold the same
    Appearance, the same body,
disappointment, not to find
    Some change,
find some beams of glory brought awaychange
    From In look and air, from that new region, region brought,
    As if from Fairy-land.
Much I questioned him,him;
    And every word he uttered, on my ears
    Fell flatter than a caged parrot's note,
    That answers unexpectedly awry,
    And mocks the prompter's listening. Marvellous things
    My fancy had shaped forth of sights and shows,Had vanity (quick Spirit that appears
    Processions, equipages, lords Almost as deeply seated and dukes,as strong
    In a Child's heart as fear itself) conceived
    For my enjoyment. Would that I could now
    Recall what then I pictured to myself,
    Of mitred Prelates, Lords in ermine clad,
    
The King King, and the King's palace, and Palace, and, not lastlast,
    Or Nor least, heaven Heaven bless him! the renowned Lord Mayor—
    Dreams hardly less intense than those which wrought
    A change of purpose in young Whittington
    When he in fiendlessness, a drooping boy,
    Sate on a stone and heard the bells speak out
    Articulate music.
Mayor.
    Dreams not unlike to those which once begat
    A change of purpose in young Whittington,
    When he, a friendless and a drooping boy,
    Sate on a stone, and heard the bells speak out
    Articulate music.
Above all, one thought
    Baffled my understanding, understanding: how men lived
    Even next-door neighbours, as we say, yet still
    Strangers, and knowing not knowing each the other's names.name.
    Oh Oh, wondrous power of words, how sweet they areby simple faith
    According Licensed to take the meaning which they bring—
    Vauxhall and Ranelagh, I then had heard
    Of your green groves and wilderness of lamps,
    Your gorgeous ladies, fairy cataracts,
    And pageant fireworks. Nor must
that we forgetlove!
    Those other wonders, different Vauxhall and Ranelagh! I then had heard
    Of your green groves, and wilderness of lamps
    Dimming the stars, and fireworks magical,
    And gorgeous ladies, under splendid domes,
    Floating
in kinddance, or warbling high in air
    Though scarcely The songs of spirits! Nor had Fancy fed
    With
less illustrious in degree,delight upon that other class
    Of marvels, broad-day wonders permanent:
    
The river River proudly bridged, bridged; the giddy dizzy top
    And Whispering Gallery of St. Paul's, Paul's; the tombs
    Of Westminster, Westminster; the Giants of Guildhall,Guildhall;
    Bedlam Bedlam, and the two figures those carved maniacs at its the gates,
    Streets without end and churches numberless,Perpetually recumbent; Statues man,
    Statues with flowery gardens And the horse under him in gilded pomp
    Adorning flowery gardens, 'mid
vast squares,squares;
    The Monument, and Armoury that Chamber of the Tower.Tower
    These fond imaginations, of themselves,Where England's sovereigns sit in long array,
    Had long before given way Their steeds bestriding, every mimic shape
    Cased
in season due,the gleaming mail the monarch wore,
    Leaving a throng of Whether for gorgeous tournament addressed,
    Or life or death upon the battle-field.
    Those bold imaginations in due time
    Had vanished, leaving
others in their stead;stead:
    And now I looked upon the real scene,living scene;
    Familiarly perused it day by day,
    With keen and lively pleasure even there
it; oftentimes,
    Where disappointment was the strongest, In spite of strongest disappointment, pleased
    Through courteous self-submission, as a tax
    Paid to the object by prescriptive right,right.
    A thing that ought to be. Shall I give way,Rise up, thou monstrous ant-hill on the plain
    Copying the impression Of a too busy world! Before me flow,
    Thou endless stream
of the memory—
    Though things remembered idly do half seem
    The work of fancy shall I, as the mood
    Inclines me, here describe for pastime's sake,
    Some portion of that motley imagery,
    A vivid pleasure of my youth, and now,
    Among the lonely places that I love,
    A frequent daydream for my riper mind?
    And first, the look and aspect of the place—
    The broad highway appearance, as it strikes
    On strangers of all ages, the quick dance
    Of colours, lights and forms, the Babel din,
    The endless stream of men and moving things,
    From hour to hour the illimitable walk
    Still among streets, with clouds and sky above,
    The wealth, the bustle and the eagerness,
    The glittering chariots with their pampered steeds,
    Stalls, barrows, porters, midway in the street
    The scavenger that begs with hat in hand,
    The labouring hackney-coaches, the rash speed
    Of coaches travelling far, whirled on with horn
    Loud blowing, and the sturdy drayman's team
    Ascending from some alley of the Thames
    And striking right across the crowded Strand
    Till the fore-horse veer round with punctual skill;
    Here, there, and everywhere, a weary throng,
    That comers and the goers face to face
    Face after face the string of dazzling wares,
    Shop after shop, with symbols, blazoned names,
    And all the tradesman's honours overhead:
    Here, fronts of houses, like a title-page
    With letters huge inscribed from top to toe;
    Stationed above the door like guardian saints,
    There, allegoric shapes, female or male,
    Or physiognomies of real men,
    Land-warriors, kings, or admirals of the sea,
    Boyle, Shakespear, Newton, or the attractive head
    Of some quack-doctor, famous in his day.
men and moving things!
    Thy every-day appearance, as it strikes—
    With wonder heightened, or sublimed by awe—
    On strangers, of all ages; the quick dance
    Of colours, lights, and forms; the deafening din;
    The comers and the goers face to face,
    Face after face; the string of dazzling wares,
    Shop after shop, with symbols, blazoned names,
    And all the tradesman's honours overhead:
    Here, fronts of houses, like a title-page,
    With letters huge inscribed from top to toe,
    Stationed above the door, like guardian saints;
    There, allegoric shapes, female or male,
    Or physiognomies of real men,
    Land-warriors, kings, or admirals of the sea,
    Boyle, Shakspeare, Newton, or the attractive head
    Of some quack-doctor, famous in his day.
    
Meanwhile the roar continues, till at length,
    Escaped as from an enemy, we turn
    Abruptly into some sequestered nook,
    Still as a sheltered place when winds blow loud.loud!
    At leisure leisure, thence, through tracts of thin resort,
    And sights and sounds that come at intervals,
    We take our way a way. A raree-show is herehere,
    With children gathered round, round; another street
    Presents a company of dancing dogs,
    Or dromedary dromedary, with an antic pair
    Of monkies monkeys on his back, back; a minstrel-bandminstrel band
    Of Savoyards, Savoyards; or, single and alone,
    An English ballad-singer. Private courts,
    Gloomy as coffins, and unsightly lanes
    Thrilled by some female vendor's screamscream, belike
    The very shrillest of all London cries—
    May then entangle us awhile,
    Conducted through those labyrinths unawares
    To privileged regions and inviolate,
    Where from their aery lodges studious lawyers
    Look out on waters, walks, and gardens green.
cries,
    belikeMay then entangle our impatient steps;
    Conducted through those labyrinths, unawares,
    To privileged regions and inviolate,
    Where from their airy lodges studious lawyers
    Look out on waters, walks, and gardens green.
    
Thence back into the throng, until we reach—
    Following the tide that slackens by degrees—
    Some half-frequented scene where wider streets
    Bring straggling breezes of suburban air.
reach,
    Following the tide that slackens by degrees,
    Some half-frequented scene, where wider streets
    Bring straggling breezes of suburban air.
    
Here files of ballads dangle from dead walls,walls;
    Advertisements Advertisements, of giant size, giant-size, from high
    Press forward forward, in all colours colours, on the sigh[—
    These, bold in conscious merit lower down,
    That, fronted with a most imposing word,
    Is peradventure one in masquerade.
sight;
    These, bold in conscious merit, lower down;
    'That', fronted with a most imposing word,
    Is, peradventure, one in masquerade.
    
As on the broadening causeway we advance,
    Behold Behold, turned upwards, a face turned up towards us, hard and strong
    In lineaments, and red with over-toil:over-toil.
    'Tis one perhaps already met elsewhere,encountered here and everywhere;
    A travelling cripple, by the trunk cut short,
    And stumping with on his arms. In sailor's garb
    Another lies at length length, beside a range
    Of written well-formed characters, with chalk inscribed
    Upon the smooth flat stones. The nurse flint stones: the Nurse is here,
    The bachelor Bachelor, that loves to sun himself,
    The military idler, Idler, and the dameDame,
    That field-ward takes her walk in decency.with decent steps.
    Now homeward through the thickening hubbub, where
    See See, among less distinguishable shapes—
    The Italian, with his frame of images
    Upon his head; with basket at his waist,
    The Jew; the stately and slow-moving Turk,
    With freight of slippers piled beneath his arm.
shapes,
    Briefly, we find (if tired The begging scavenger, with hat in hand;
    The Italian, as he thrids his way with care,
    Steadying, far-seen, a frame
of random sights,images
    And haply to that search our thoughts should turn)Upon his head; with basket at his breast
    Among The Jew; the crowd, conspicuous less or morestately and slow-moving Turk,
    As we proceed, With freight of slippers piled beneath his arm!
    Enough; the mighty concourse I surveyed
    With no unthinking mind, well pleased to note
    Among the crowd
all specimens of manman,
    Through all the colours which the sun bestows,
    And every character of form and face:
    The Swede, the Russian; from the genial south,
    The Frenchman and the Spaniard; from remote
    America, the hunter Indian; Hunter-Indian; Moors,
    Malays, Lascars, the Tartar and Tartar, the Chinese,
    And Negro ladies Ladies in white muslin gowns.
    At leisure let us view leisure, then, I viewed, from day to day,
    As they present themselves, the spectacles
    Within doors: troops of wild beasts,
The spectacles within doors, birds and beasts
    Of every nature from all climes convened,nature, and strange plants convened
    And, next to these, From every clime; and, next, those mimic sights that ape
    The absolute presence of reality,
    Expressing Expressing, as in mirror mirror, sea and land,
    And what earth is, and what she hath has to shew—
    I do not here allude to subtlest craft,
    By means refined attaining purest ends,
    But imitations fondly made in plain
    Confession of man's weakness and his loves.
show.
    Whether the painter fashioning a workI do not here allude to subtlest craft,
    To Nature's circumambient scenery,By means refined attaining purest ends,
    And with But imitations, fondly made in plain
    Confession of man's weakness and
his greedy pencil loves.
    Whether the Painter, whose ambitious skill
    Submits to nothing less than
taking in
    A whole horizon on all sides horizon's circuit, do with powerpower,
    Like that of angels or commissioned spirits,
    Plant Fix us upon some lofty pinnaclepinnacle,
    Or in a ship on waters, with a world
    Of life life, and lifelike life-like mockery to east,beneath,
    To west, beneath, behind us, Above, behind, far stretching and before,before;
    Or more mechanic artist represent
    By scale exact, in model, wood or clay,
    From shading blended colours also borrowing help,
    Some miniature of famous spots and things,
    Domestic,
or the boast of foreign realms:
    The Firth of Forth, and Edinburgh, throned
    On crags, fit empress of that mountain land;
    St
things,—
    St.
Peter's Church; or, more aspiring aim,
    In microscopic vision, Rome itself;herself;
    Or else, perhaps, Or, haply, some choice rural haunt, the Falls
    Of Tivoli, and dim Frescati's bowers,
    And
Tivoli; and, high upon the steep that mouldering fane,steep,
    The Temple of the Sibyl Sibyl's mouldering Temple! every treetree,
    Through all Villa, or cottage, lurking among rocks
    Throughout
the landscape, landscape; tuft, stone, stone scratch minute,minute
    And every cottage, lurking in All that the rocks.—
    All that the traveller sees when he is there.
traveller sees when he is there.
    And Add to these exhibitions exhibitions, mute and stillstill,
    Others of wider scope, where living men,
    Music, and shifting pantomimic scenes,
    Together joined their multifarious aid
    To heighten
Diversified the allurement. Need I fear
    To mention by its name, as in degreedegree,
    Lowest of these, these and humblest in attempt.—
    Yet richly graced with honours of its own.
attempt,
    Yet richly graced with honours of her own,
    
Half-rural Sadler's Wells? Though at that time
    Intolerant, as is the way of youth
    Unless itself be pleased, I here more than once
    Here took Taking my seat, and, maugre frequent fitsI saw (nor blush to add,
    Of irksomeness, with With ample recompense
    Saw singes, rope-dancers,
recompense) giants and dwarfs,
    Clowns, conjurors, posture-masters, harlequins,
    Amid the uproar of the rabblement,
    Perform their feats. Nor was it mean delight
    To watch crude Nature work in untaught minds,minds;
    To note the laws and progress of belief—
    Though obstinate on this way, yet on that
    How willingly we travel, and how far !—
    To have, for instance, brought upon the scene
    The champion, Jack the Giant-killer; lo,
    He dons his coat of darkness, on the stage
    Walks, and archieves his wonders, from the eye
    Of living mortal safe as is the moon
    'Hid in her vacant interlunar cave'.
belief;
    Delusion bold (and faith must needs be coy)Though obstinate on this way, yet on that
    How is it wrought? willingly we travel, and how far!
    To have, for instance, brought upon the scene
    The champion, Jack the Giant-killer: Lo!
    He dons
his coat of darkness; on the stage
    Walks, and achieves his wonders, from the eye
    Of living Mortal covert, "as the moon
    Hid in her vacant interlunar cave."
    Delusion bold! and how can it be wrought?
    The
garb he wears is black, black as death, the word
    Invisible "Invisible" flames forth upon his chest.
    Nor was it unamusing here to viewHere, too, were "forms and pressures of the time,"
    Those samples, Rough, bold, as of the ancient comedyGrecian comedy displayed
    And Thespian times, When Art was young; dramas of living menmen,
    And recent things yet warm with life: life; a sea-fight,
    Shipwreck, or some domestic incident
    The fame of which is scattered through the land,Divulged by Truth and magnified by Fame;
    Such as this the daring brotherhood of late
    Set forth forth, too holy serious theme for such a place,that light place
    And doubtless treated with irreverence,I mean, O distant Friend! a story drawn
    Albeit with their very best From our own ground, the Maid of skill—
    I mean, O distant friend, a story drawn
    From our own ground, the Maid of Buttermere,
    And how the spoiler came, 'a bold bad man'
    To God unfaithful, children, wife, and home,
    And wooed the artless daughter of the hills,
    And wedded her, in cruel mockery
    Of love and marriage bonds. O friend, I speak
Buttermere,
    With tender recollection of that timeAnd how, unfaithful to a virtuous wife
    When first we saw Deserted and deceived, the maiden, then a nameSpoiler came
    By us unheard And wooed the artless daughter of the hills,
    And wedded her,
in her cottage-inncruel mockery
    Were welcomed, Of love and attended on by her,marriage bonds. These words to thee
    Both stricken Must needs bring back the moment when we first,
    Ere the broad world rang
with one feeling of delight,the maiden's name,
    An Beheld her serving at the cottage inn;
    Both stricken, as she entered or withdrew,
    With
admiration of her modest mien
    And carriage, marked by unexampled grace.
    Not unfamiliarly we We since that timetime not unfamiliarly
    Have seen her, her discretion have observed,
    Her just opinions, female modesty,delicate reserve,
    Her patience, and retiredness humility of mind
    Unspoiled by commendation and the excess
    Of public notice. This memorial verse
    Comes from the poet's heart, and is her due;
notice an offensive light
    For we were nursed as almost might be said—
    On the same mountains, children at one time,
    Must haply often on the self-same day
    Have from our several dwellings gone abroad
    To gather daffodils on Coker's stream.
To a meek spirit suffering inwardly.
    These last words uttered, From this memorial tribute to my argumenttheme
    I was returning, when when, with sundry forms
    Mingled, that Commingled shapes which met me in the way which I must treadway
    Before me stand That we must tread thy image rose again,
    Mary Maiden of Buttermere! She lives in peace
    Upon the spot where she as was born and reared;
    Without contamination does doth she live
    In quietness, without anxiety.anxiety:
    Beside the mountain chapel chapel, sleeps in earth
    Her new-born infant, fearless as a lamb
    That That, thither comes driven from some unsheltered placeplace,
    To rest beneath Rests underneath the little rock-like pile
    When storms are blowing. raging. Happy are they both,
    Mother and child! These feelings, in themselves
    Trite, do yet scarcely seem so when I think
    Of those ingenuous moments of our youth
    Ere yet by use we have learnt to slight the crimes
    And sorrows of the world.
both.—
    Mother and child! These feelings, in themselves
    Trite, do yet scarcely seem so when I think
    On those ingenuous moments of our youth
    Ere we have learnt by use to slight the crimes
    And sorrows of the world.
Those days are nowsimple days
    My theme, Are now my theme; and, 'mid foremost of the numerous scenes which theyscenes,
    Have left behind them, foremost I am crossedWhich yet survive in memory, appears
    Here by remembrance of two figures: oneOne, at whose centre sate a lovely Boy,
    A rosy babe, who sportive infant, who, for a twelvemonth's spacesix months' space,
    Perhaps Not more, had been of age to deal about
    Articulate prattle, child prattle Child as beautiful
    As ever sate upon clung around a mother's knee;neck,
    Or father fondly gazed upon with pride.
    There, too, conspicuous for stature tall
    And large dark eyes, beside her infant stood
    
The other was the parent of that babe—
    But on the mother's cheek the tints were false,
    A painted bloom. 'Twas at a theatre
mother; but, upon her cheeks diffused,
    That I beheld this pair; False tints too well accorded with the boy glare
    From play-house lustres thrown without reserve
    On every object near. The Boy
had been
    The pride and pleasure of all lookers-on
    In whatsoever place, but seemed in this
    A sort of alien scattered from the clouds.
    Of lusty vigour, more than infantine,infantine
    He was in limbs, limb, in face cheek a cottage summer rose
    Just three part parts blown a cottage-child, but ne'ercottage-child if e'er,
    Saw I by cottage or elsewhere By cottage-door on breezy mountain-side,
    Or in some sheltering vale, was seen
a babe
    By Nature's gifts so honored. favoured. Upon a board,
    Whence an attendant of the theatre
board
    Served out refreshments, Decked with refreshments had this child been placed,placed
    'His' little stage in the vast theatre,
    
And there he sate environed sate, surrounded with a ringthrong
    Of chance spectators, chiefly dissolute men
    And shameless women women, treated and caressed.caressed;
    Ate, drank, and with the fruit and glasses played,
    While oaths, indecent speech, oaths and ribaldrylaughter and indecent speech
    Were rife about him as are the songs of birds
    In springtime Contending after showers. The mother, too,mother now
    Was present, but Is fading out of her I know no more
    Than hath been said, and scarcely at this time
    Do I remember her;
memory, but I beholdsee
    The lovely boy Boy as I beheld him then,then
    Among the wretched and the falsely gay,
    Like one of those who walked with hair unsinged
    Amid the fiery furnace. He hath sinceCharms and spells
    Appeared to me ofttimes as if embalmedMuttered on black and spiteful instigation
    By Nature through Have stopped, as some special privilege
    Stopped at
believe, the growth he had destined to live,kindliest growths.
    To be, to have been, come, and go, Ah, with how different spirit might a child
    And nothing more, no partner in the years
prayer
    That bear us forward to distress and guilt,Have been preferred, that this fair creature, checked
    Pain and abasement; beauty in such excessBy special privilege of Nature's love,
    Adorned him Should in that miserable place.his childhood be detained for ever!
    So have I thought of him a thousand times.But with its universal freight the tide
    And seldom otherwise but he perhaps,Hath rolled along, and this bright innocent,
    Mary, Mary! may now have lived till he could look
    With envy on thy nameless babe that sleepssleeps,
    Beside the mountain chapel chapel, undisturbed.
    It was but little more than three short years
    Before the season which I speak of now
Four rapid years had scarcely then been told
    When first, a traveller Since, travelling southward from our pastoral hills,
    Southward two hundred miles I had advanced,
    And
heard, and for the first time in my life did hearlife,
    The voice of woman utter blasphemy.
    Saw woman as she is to open shame
    Abandoned, and the pride of public vice.
    Full surely from the bottom of my heart
    I shuddered; but the pain was almost lost,
    Absorbed and buried in the immensity
    Of the effect: a barrier seemed at once
    Thrown in, that from humanity divorced
    The human form, splitting the race of man
    In twain, yet leaving the same outward shape.

    Saw woman as she is, to open shame
    Abandoned, and the pride of public vice;
    I shuddered, for a barrier seemed at once
    Thrown in that from humanity divorced
    Humanity, splitting the race of man
    In twain, yet leaving the same outward form.

    Distress of mind ensued upon this the sight,
    And ardent meditation afterwardsmeditation. Later years
    A milder sadness on Brought to such spectaclesspectacle a milder sadness,
    Attended: thought, Feelings of pure commiseration, grief,grief
    For the individual and the overthrow
    Of her soul's beauty beauty; farther at that time
    Than this
I was but then
    But
seldom led; led, or wished to go; in truth
    The sorrow of the passion stopped me here.there.
    I quit this painful theme, enough But let me now, less moved, in order take
    Our argument. Enough
is saidsaid to show
    To shew what thoughts must often have How casual incidents of real life,
    Observed where pastime only had
been minesought,
    At theatres, which then were my delight—
    A yearning made more strong by obstacles
    Which slender funds imposed. Life then was new,
Outweighed, or put to flight, the set events
    The senses easily pleased; And measured passions of the lustres, lights,stage, albeit
    The carving and By Siddons trod in the fulness of her power.
    Yet was the theatre my dear delight;
    The very
gilding, paint lamps and glare,painted scrolls,
    And all the mean upholstery of the place,
    Wanted not animation in my sight,animation, when the tide
    Far less Of pleasure ebbed but to return as fast
    With
the living ever-shifting figures on of the stage,scene,
    Solemn or gay gay: whether some beauteous dame
    Advanced in radiance through a deep recess
    Of thick-entangled thick entangled forest, like the moon
    Opening the clouds; or sovereign king, announced
    With flourishing trumpets, trumpet, came in full-blown state
    Of the world's greatness, winding round with train
    Of courtiers, banners, and a length of guards;
    Or captive led in abject weeds, and jingling
    His slender manacles; or romping girl
    Bounced, leapt, and pawed the air; or mumbling sire,
    A scarecrow scare-crow pattern of old age, patched age dressed up
    Of In all the tatters of infirmity,infirmity
    All loosely put together, hobbled inin,
    Stumping upon a cane, cane with which he smitessmites,
    From time to time time, the solid boards boards, and makes them
    Prat Prate somewhat loudly of the whereabout
    Of one so overloaded with his years.
    But what of this? this! the laugh, the grin, grimace,
    And all the The antics and buffoonery,striving to outstrip each other,
    The Were all received, the least of them not lost, were all receivedlost,
    With charitable pleasure. an unmeasured welcome. Through the night,
    Between the show, and many-headed mass
    Of the spectators, and each little several nook
    That had Filled with its fray or brawl, how eagerly
    And with what flashes, as it were, the mind
    Turned this way, way that way—sportive and alert
    And watchful, as a kitten when at play,
    While winds are blowing round her, among grass
    And rustling leaves.
way! sportive and alert
    And watchful, as a kitten when at play,
    While winds are eddying round her, among straws
    And rustling leaves.
Enchanting age and sweet.—
    Romantic almost, looked at through a space,
    How small, of intervening years! For then,
    Though surely no mean progress had been made
    In meditations holy and sublime,
    Yet something of a girlish childlike gloss
    Of novelty survived for scenes like these—
    Pleasure that had been handed down from times
    When at a country playhouse, having caught
    In summer through the fractured wall a glimpse
    Of daylight, at the thought of where I was
    I gladdened more than if I had beheld
    Before me some bright cavern of romance,
    Or than we do when on our beds we lie
    At night, in warmth, when rains are beating hard.
sweet!
    Romantic almost, looked at through a space,
    How small, of intervening years! For then,
    Though surely no mean progress had been made
    In meditations holy and sublime,
    Yet something of a girlish child-like gloss
    Of novelty survived for scenes like these;
    Enjoyment haply handed down from times
    When at a country-playhouse, some rude barn
    Tricked out for that proud use, if I perchance
    Caught, on a summer evening through a chink
    In the old wall, an unexpected glimpse
    Of daylight, the bare thought of where I was
    Gladdened me more than if I had been led
    Into a dazzling cavern of romance,
    Crowded with Genii busy among works
    Not to be looked at by the common sun.
    
The matter which that detains me us now will seemmay seem,
    To many many, neither dignified enough
    Nor arduous, and is doubtless in itself
    Humble and low
yet will not to be despisedscorned by them,
    By those who Who, looking inward, have observed the curious propsties
    By which That bind the perishable hours of life
    Rest on each Each to the other, and the curious props
    By which the
world of memory and thought
    Exists and is sustained. More lofty themes,
    Such as at least do wear a prouder face,
    Might here be spoken of; Solicit our regard; but when I think
    Of these these, I feel the imaginative power
    Languish within me. Even me; even then it slept,
    When, wrought upon pressed by tragic sufferings,sufferings, the heart
    The heart was full Was more than full; amid my sobs and tears
    It slept, even in the pregnant season of my youth.
    For though I was most passionately moved,moved
    And yielded to the all changes of the scene
    With most an obsequious feeling, promptness, yet all thisthe storm
    Passed not beyond the suburbs of the mind.
    If aught there were of real grandeur here
mind;
    'Twas only then Save when gross realities,realities of act and mien,
    The incarnation of the spirits that movedmove
    Amid In harmony amid the poet's beauteous world called forthPoet's world,
    With that distinctness which a contrast gives,Rose to ideal grandeur, or, called forth
    Or opposition By power of contrast, made me recogniserecognise,
    As by at a glimpse, glance, the things which I had shapedshaped,
    And yet not shaped, had seen and scarcely seen,
    Had felt, When, having closed the mighty Shakspeare's page,
    I mused,
and thought of thought, and felt, in my solitude.
    Pass we from entertainments entertainments, that are such
    Professedly, to others titled higher,
    Yet, in the estimate of youth at least,
    More near akin to these those than names imply—
    I mean the brawls of lawyers in their courts
    Before the ermined judge, or that great stage
    Where senators, tongue-favored men, perform,
    Admired and envied. Oh,
imply,.
    I mean
the brawls of lawyers in their courts
    Before the ermined judge, or that great stage
    Where senators, tongue-favoured men, perform,
    Admired and envied. Oh! the
beating heart,
    When one among the prime of these rose up,
    One One, of whose name from childhood we had heard
    Familiarly, a household term, like thosethose,
    The Bedfords, Glocesters, Salisburys Glosters, Salsburys, of old—
    Which the fifth Harry talks of. Silence, hush,
old,
    Whom the fifth Harry talks of. Silence! hush!
    
This is no trifler, no short-flighted wit,
    No stammerer of a minute, painfully
    Delivered. No, Delivered, No! the orator Orator hath yoked
    The hours, Hours, like young Aurora, to his car—
    O presence of delight, can patience e'er
    Grow weary of attending on a track
    That kindles with such glory? Marvellous,
    The enchantment spreads and rises all are rapt
    Astonished like a hero in romance
    He winds away his never-ending horn:
    Words follow words, sense seems to follow sense—
    What memory and what logic! till the strain
    Transcendent, superhuman as it is,
    Grows tedious even in a young man's ear.
car:
    These are grave follies; other public showsThrice welcome Presence! how can patience e'er
    The capital city teems with Grow weary of attending on a kindtrack
    More light and where but That kindles with such glory! All are charmed,
    Astonished; like a hero
in romance,
    He winds away his never-ending horn;
    Words follow words, sense seems to follow sense:
    What memory and what logic! till
the holy church?strain
    There have I seen a comely bachelor,Transcendent, superhuman as it seemed,
    fresh from Grows tedious even in a toilette young man's ear.
    Genius
of two hours, ascendBurke! forgive the pen seduced
    By specious wonders, and too slow to tell
    Of what the ingenuous, what bewildered men,
    Beginning to mistrust their boastful guides,
    And wise men, willing to grow wiser, caught,
    Rapt auditors! from thy most eloquent tongue—
    Now mute, for ever mute in the cold grave.
    I see him,—old, but vigorous in age,—
    Stand like an oak whose stag-horn branches start
    Out of its leafy brow, the more to awe
    The younger brethren of the grove. But some—
    While he forewarns, denounces, launches forth,
    Against all systems built on abstract rights,
    Keen ridicule; the majesty proclaims
    Of Institutes and Laws, hallowed by time;
    Declares the vital power of social ties
    Endeared by Custom; and with high disdain,
    Exploding upstart Theory, insists
    Upon the allegiance to which men are born—
    Some say at once a froward multitude—
    Murmur (for truth is hated, where not loved)
    As the winds fret within the Aeolian cave,
    Galled by their monarch's chain.
The pulpit, with seraphic glance look up,times were big
    With ominous change, which, night by night, provoked
    Keen struggles,
and black clouds of passion raised;
    But memorable moments intervened,
    When Wisdom, like the Goddess from Jove's brain,
    Broke forth
in a tone elaborately lowarmour of resplendent words,
    Beginning, lead his voice through many Startling the Synod. Could a mazeyouth, and one
    A minuet course, and, winding up his mouthIn ancient story versed, whose breast had heaved
    From time to time into an orificeUnder the weight of classic eloquence,
    Most delicate, a lurking eyelet, smallSit, see, and hear, unthankful, uninspired?
    And only not invisible, againNor did the Pulpit's oratory fail
    Open it out, diffusing To achieve its higher triumph. Not unfelt
    Were its admonishments, nor lightly heard
    The awful truths delivered
thence a smileby tongues
    Of rapt irradiation exquisite.Endowed with various power to search the soul;
    Yet ostentation, domineering, oft
    Poured forth harangues, how sadly out of place !—
    There have I seen a comely bachelor,
    Fresh from a toilette of two hours, ascend
    His rostrum, with seraphic glance look up,
    And, in a tone elaborately low
    Beginning, lead his voice through many a maze
    A minuet course; and, winding up his mouth,
    From time to time, into an orifice
    Most delicate, a lurking eyelet, small,
    And only not invisible, again
    Open it out, diffusing thence a smile
    Of rapt irradiation, exquisite.
    
Meanwhile the Evangelists, Isaiah, Job,
    Moses, and he who penned penned, the other dayday,
    The Death of Abel, Shakespear, Doctor Young,Shakspeare, and the Bard
    Whose genius spangled o'er a gloomy theme
    With fancies thick as his inspiring stars,
    
And Ossian doubt not, (doubt not 'tis the naked truth—
    Summoned from streamy Morven, each and all
    Must in their turn lend ornament and flowers
    To entwine the crook of eloquence with which
    This pretty shepherd, pride of all the plains,
    Leads up and down his captivated flock.
truth)
    Summoned from streamy Morven each and all
    Would, in their turns, lend ornaments and flowers
    To entwine the crook of eloquence that helped
    This pretty Shepherd, pride of all the plains,
    To rule and guide his captivated flock.
    
I glance but at a few conspicuous marks,
    Leaving ten a thousand others that do each—
    In hall or court, conventicle, or shop,
    In public room or private, park or street—
    With fondness reared on his own pedestal,
    Look out for admiration.
others, that, in hall,
    Court, theatre, conventicle, or shop,
    In public room or private, park or street,
    Each fondly reared on his own pedestal,
    Looked out for admiration.
Folly, vice,
    Extravagance in gesture, mien mien, and dress,
    And all the strife of singularity—
    Lies to the ear, and lies to every sense
    Of these and of the living shapes they wear
    There is no end.
singularity,
    Lies to the ear, and lies to every sense
    Of these, and of the living shapes they wear,
    There is no end.
Such candidates for regard,
    Although well pleased to be where they were found,
    I did not hunt after or after, nor greatly prize,
    Nor made unto myself a secret boast
    Of reading them with quick and curious eye,eye;
    But But, as a common produce produce, things that are
    Today, tomorrow To-day, to-morrow will be be, took of them
    Such willing note note, as, on some errand bound
    Of pleasure or of love, some traveller might,
    Among
That asks not speed, a thousand other images,traveller might bestow
    Of On sea-shells that bestud bestrew the sandy beach,
    Or daisies swarming through the fields in of June.
    But foolishness, foolishness and madness in parade,
    Though most at home in this their dear domain,
    Are scattered everywhere, no rarities,
    Even to the rudest novice of the schools.Schools.
    O friend, one feeling was there Me, rather, it employed, to note, and keep
    In memory, those individual sights
    Of courage, or integrity, or truth,
    Or tenderness,
which belongedthere, set off by foil,
    To Appeared more touching. One will I select—
    A Father for he bore that sacred name;
    Him saw I, sitting in an open square,
    Upon a corner-stone of that low wall,
    Wherein were fixed the iron pales that fenced
    A spacious grass-plot; there, in silence, sate
    This One Man, with a sickly babe outstretched
    Upon his knee, whom he had thither brought
    For sunshine, and to breathe the fresher air.
    Of those who passed, and me who looked at him,
    He took no heed; but in his brawny arms
    (The Artificer was to the elbow bare,
    And from his work
this great city by exclusive right:moment had been stolen)
    How often He held the child, and, bending over it,
    As if he were afraid both of the sun
    And of the air, which he had come to seek,
    Eyed the poor babe with love unutterable.
    As the black storm upon the mountain top
    Sets off the sunbeam
in the valley, so
    That huge fermenting mass of human-kind
    Serves as a solemn back-ground, or relief,
    To single forms and objects, whence they draw,
    For feeling and contemplative regard,
    More than inherent liveliness and power.
    How oft, amid those
overflowing streetsstreets,
    Have I gone forwards forward with the crowd, and said
    Unto myself, 'The "The face of every one
    That passes by me is a mystery.'mystery !"
    Thus have I looked, nor ceased to look, oppressed
    By thoughts of what, what and whither, when and how,
    Until the shapes before my eyes became
    A second-sight procession, such as glides
    Over still montains, mountains, or appears in dreams,
    And all the ballast of familiar life—
    The present, and the past, hope, fear, all stays,
    All laws of acting, thinking, speaking man—
    Went from me, neither knowing me, nor known.
dreams;
    And once, far travelled far-travelled in such mood, beyond
    The reach of common indications, indication, lost
    Amid the moving pageant, 'twas my chanceI was smitten
    Abruptly to be smitten Abruptly, with the viewview (a sight not rare)
    Of a blind beggar, Beggar, who, with upright face,
    Stood Stood, propped against a wall, upon his chest
    Wearing a written paper, to explain
    The story of the man, His story, whence he came, and who he was.
    My mind did at this Caught by the spectacle turn my mind turned round
    As with the might of waters, waters; and it seemed
    To me that in this label was a
apt type
    Or emblem This label seemed of the utmost that we knowcan know,
    Both of ourselves and of the universe,universe;
    And And, on the shape of this that unmoving man,
    His fixbd steadfast face and sightless eyes, I looked,gazed,
    As if admonished from another world.
    Though reared upon the base of outward things,
    These chiefly are such structures as Structures like these the mindexcited spirit mainly
    Builds for itself. Scenes herself; scenes different there areare,
    Full-formed which Full-formed, that take, with small internal help,
    Possession of the faculties: faculties, the peace
    Of night, for instance, That comes with night; the deep solemnity
    Of Nature's nature's intermediate hours of restrest,
    When the great tide of human life stands still,still:
    The business of the day to come come, unborn,
    Of that gone by by, locked up up, as in the grave;
    The calmness, beauty, blended calmness of the spectacle,heavens and earth,
    Sky, stillness, moonshine, Moonlight and stars, and empty streets, and sounds
    Unfrequent as in desarts; deserts; at late hours
    Of winter evenings evenings, when unwholesome rains
    Are falling hard, with people yet astir,
    The feeble salutation from the voice
    Of some unhappy woman woman, now and then
    Heard as we pass, when no one looks about,
    Nothing is listened to. But these these, I fearfear,
    Are falsely catalogued catalogued; things that are, are not,
    Even as we give them welcome, As the mind answers to them, or assist—
    Are prompt, or are remiss.
the heart
    Is prompt, or slow, to feel.
What say you thenyou, then,
    To times times, when half the city shall break out
    Full of one passion passion, vengeance, rage, or fear—
    To executions, to a street on fire,
    Mobs, riots, or rejoicings? From those sights
    Take one, an annual festival, the fair
    Holden where martyrs suffered in past time,
    And named of St. Bartholomew, there
fear?
    To executions, to a street on fire,
    Mobs, riots, or rejoicings? From these sights
    Take one, that ancient festival, the Fair,
    Holden where martyrs suffered in past time,
    And named of St. Bartholomew; there,
see
    A work that's finished completed to our hands, that lays,
    If any spectacle on earth can do,
    The whole creative powers of man asleep.
    For once the Muse's help will we implore,
    And she shall lodge us wafted on her wings
    Above the press and danger of the crowd—
    Upon some showman's platform.
asleep !—
    For once, the Muse's help will we implore,
    And she shall lodge us, wafted on her wings,
    Above the press and danger of the crowd,
    Upon some showman's platform.
What a hellshock
    For eyes and ears, ears! what anarchy and dindin,
    Barbarian and infernal 'tis a dream
    Monstrous in colour, motion, shape, sight, sound.
    Below, the open space, through every nook
    Of the wide area, twinkles, is alive
    With heads; the midway region and above
    Is thronged with staring pictures
infernal,—a phantasma,
    Monstrous in colour, motion, shape, sight, sound!
    Below, the open space, through every nook
    Of the wide area, twinkles, is alive
    With heads; the midway region, and above,
    Is thronged with staring pictures and huge scrolls,
    Dumb proclamations of the Prodigies;
    With chattering monkeys dangling from their poles,
    And children whirling in their roundabouts;
    With those that stretch the neck and strain the eyes,
    And crack the voice in rivalship, the crowd
    Inviting; with buffoons against buffoons
    Grimacing, writhing, screaming, him who grinds
    The hurdy-gurdy, at the fiddle weaves,
    Rattles the salt-box, thumps the kettle-drum,
    And him who at the trumpet puffs his cheeks,
    The silver-collared Negro with his timbrel,
    Equestrians, tumblers, women, girls, and boys,
    Blue-breeched, pink-vested, with high-towering plumes.—
    All moveables of wonder, from all parts,
    Are here Albinos, painted Indians, Dwarfs,
    The Horse of knowledge, and the learned Pig,
    The Stone-eater, the man that swallows fire,
    Giants, Ventriloquists, the Invisible Girl,
    The Bust that speaks and moves its goggling eyes,
    The Wax-work, Clock-work, all the marvellous craft
    Of modern Merlins, Wild Beasts, Puppet-shows,
    All out-o'-the-way, far-fetched, perverted things,
    All freaks of nature, all Promethean thoughts
    Of man, his dulness, madness, and their feats
    All jumbled up together, to compose
    A Parliament of Monsters. Tents
and huge scrolls,Booths
    Dumb proclamations of Meanwhile, as if the prodigies;
    And chattering monkeys dangling from their poles,
    And children whirling in their roundabouts;
whole were one vast mill,
    With those that stretch the neck, and strain the eyes,Are vomiting, receiving on all sides,
    And crack the voice Men, Women, three-years' Children, Babes in rivalship, the crowd
    Inviting; with buffoons against buffoons
    Grimacing, writhing, screaming; him who grinds
    The hurdy-gurdy, at the fiddle weaves,
arms.
    Rattles the salt-box, thumps the kettle-drum,Oh, blank confusion! true epitome
    And him who at Of what the trumpet puffs his cheeks,
    The silver-collared negro with his timbrel,
    Equestrians, tumblers, women, girls, and boys,
    Blue-breeched, pink-vested, and with towering plumes.
    All moveables of wonder from all parts
    Are here, albinos, painted Indians, dwarfs,
mighty City is herself,
    The horse To thousands upon thousands of knowledge, and the learned pig,
    The stone-eater, the man that swallows fire,
    Giants, ventriloquists, the invisible girl,
    The bust that speaks and moves its goggling eyes,
her sons,
    The waxwork, clockwork, all Living amid the marvellous craft
    Of modern Merlins, wild beasts, puppet-shows,
    All out-o'-th'-way, far-fetched, perverted things,
    All freaks of Nature, all Promethean thoughts
same perpetual whirl
    Of man his dulness, madness, and other feats,
    All jumbled up together to make up
    This parliament of monsters. Tents
trivial objects, melted and boothsreduced
    Meanwhile as if the whole were To one vast mill—
    Are vomiting, receiving, on all sides,
    Men, women, three-years' children, babes in arms.
    O, blank confusion, and a type not false
    Of what the mighty city is itself
identity, by differences
    To all, except a straggler here That have no law, no meaning, and there
    To the whole swarm of its inhabitants—
    An undistinguishable world to men,
    The slaves unrespited of low pursuits,
    Living amid the same perpetual flow
    Of trivial objects, melted and reduced
    To one identity by differences
    That have no law, no meaning, and no end
    Oppression under which even highest minds
    Must labour, whence the strongest are not free.
no end—
    Oppression, under which even highest minds
    Must labour, whence the strongest are not free.

    But though the picture weary out the eye,
    By nature an unmanageable sight,
    It is not wholly so to him who looks
    In steadiness, who hath among least things
    An under-sense of greatest, greatest; sees the parts
    As parts, but with a feeling of the whole.
    This, of all acquisitions first, acquisitions, first awaits
    On sundry and most widely different modes
    Of education education, nor with least delight
    On that through which I passed. Attention comes,springs,
    And comprehensiveness and memory,memory flow,
    From early converse with the works of God
    Among all regions, regions; chiefly where appear
    Most obviously simplicity and power.
    By influence habitual to Think, how the mindeverlasting streams and woods,
    The mountain's outline Stretched and still stretching far and wide, exalt
    The roving Indian, on his desert sands:
    What grandeur not unfelt, what pregnant show
    Of beauty, meets the sun-burnt Arab's eye:
    And, as the sea propels, from zone to zone,
    Its currents; magnifies
its steady formshoals of life
    Gives a pure grandeur, Beyond all compass; spreads, and sends aloft
    Armies of clouds, even so,
its presence shapespowers and aspects
    Shape for mankind, by principles as fixed,
    
The measure views and the prospect aspirations of the soul
    To majesty: such majesty. Like virtue have the forms
    Perennial of the ancient hills hills; nor less
    The changeful language of their countenances
    Gives movement of Quickens the thoughts, slumbering mind, and multitude,aids the thoughts,
    However multitudinous, to move
    
With order and relation. This (if This, if still,
    As hitherto, with in freedom I may speak,
    And the same perfect openness of mind,
    
Not violating any just restraint,
    As I would hope, may be hoped, of real modesty),
    This did I feel in that vast receptacle.
modesty,—
    This did I feel, in London's vast domain.

    The spirit Spirit of Nature was upon me here,there;
    The soul of beauty Beauty and enduring lifeLife
    Was present as a habit, Vouchsafed her inspiration, and diffused— 740
    Through meagre lines and colours, and the press
    Of self-destroying, transitory things—
    Composure and ennobling harmony.
diffused,
    Through meagre lines and colours, and the press
    Of self-destroying, transitory things,
    Composure, and ennobling Harmony.