Commentary notes (CN):

1. SMALL CAPS Indicate editions. Notes for each commentator are divided into three parts:

In the 1st two lines of a record, when the name of the source text (the siglum) is printed in SMALL CAPS, the comment comes from an EDITION; when it is in normal font, it is derived from a book, article, ms. record or other source. We occasionally use small caps for ms. sources and for works related to editions. See bibliographies for complete information (in process).

2. How comments are related to predecessors' comments. In the second line of a record, a label "without attribution" indicates that a prior writer made the same or a similar point; such similarities do not usually indicate plagiarism because many writers do not, as a practice, indicate the sources of their glosses. We provide the designation ("standard") to indicate a gloss in common use. We use ≈ for "equivalent to" and = for "exactly alike."

3. Original comment. When the second line is blank after the writer's siglum, we are signaling that we have not seen that writer's gloss prior to that date. We welcome correction on this point.

4. Words from the play under discussion (lemmata). In the third line or lines of a record, the lemmata after the TLN (Through Line Number] are from Q2. When the difference between Q2 and the authors' lemma(ta) is significant, we include the writer's lemma(ta). When the gloss is for a whole line or lines, only the line number(s) appear. Through Line Numbers are numbers straight through a play and include stage directions. Most modern editions still use the system of starting line numbers afresh for every scene and do not assign line numbers to stage directions.

5. Bibliographic information. In the third line of the record, where we record the gloss, we provide concise bibliographic information, expanded in the bibliographies, several of which are in process.

6. References to other lines or other works. For a writer's reference to a passage elsewhere in Ham. we provide, in brackets, Through Line Numbers (TLN) from the Norton F1 (used by permission); we call these xref, i.e., cross references. We call references to Shakespearean plays other than Ham. “parallels” (//) and indicate Riverside act, scene and line number as well as TLN. We call references to non-Shakespearean works “analogues.”

7. Further information: See the Introduction for explanations of other abbreviations. Click here for more information about browsing the entries and here for more information about the special symbols used in Hamletworks. Click the question mark icon above to remove this help message.

1726 theon

theon see n. 212; n. 206

210

-1729 mtheo4

mtheo4

210 gate] Theobald (ms. notes in Q5, -1729, sig. B1r): “Gloss. way, or proceeding: a Lincolnshire word says Skinner. vid. Lear. Good gentleman go your gate, etc.” [Lr. 4.6.237 (2690)]

1765- mDavies

mDavies ≈ mtheo4 without attribution

210 Davies (1765-): “To stop his further progress. Go your gate is a northern phrase—signifiying to bid a man go abt his business—”

1773 v1773

v1773 ≈ mDavies without attribution

210 gate] Percy (apud ed.1773, 10: Nn6r): “ gate or gait is here used in the northern sense, for proceeding, passage, from the A. S. verb gae. A gate for a path, passage, or street, is still current in the north.”

Ed. note: See appendix 10: 41 [numbered by hand in Folger c.3]

1773- mstv1

mstv1 = Percy

210 gate]

1778 v1778

v1778 = Percy

210 gate]

1784 ays1

ays1 = v1778

210 gate]

1785 v1785

v1785 = v1778

210 gate]

1787 ann

ann = v1785

210 gate]

1790 mal

mal = v1785

210 gate]

1790- mTooke

mTooke:

210 gate] Tooke (ms. notes, ed.1790): “in Huntdonshire cowgate, right of a cow to walk and feed in a place.”

1791- rann

rann ≈ Percy

210 gate] Rann (ed. 1791-): “procedure”

1793 v1793

v1793 = mal

210 gate]

1803 v1803

v1803 = v1793 +

210 gate] Harris (apud ed. 1793): “So, in [MND 5.1.416 (2200)] ‘Every fairy take his gait.’ ”

1813 v1813

v1813 = v1803

210 gate]

1819 cald1

cald1 ≈ v1813 (Harris without attribution); Percy

210 gate] Caldecott (ed. 1819): “Progress. From the A. S. verb gae. A gate fpr a path, passage, or street, is still, says Dr. Percy, current in the North. See [MND 5.1.416 (2200) Thes [Oberon is the speaker].”

1821 v1821

v1821 = v1803

210 gate]

1822 Nares

Nares ≈ Davies without attribution

210 gate] Nares (1822): “It is here used metaphorically, for proceeding in a business; which is uncommon.”

1826 sing1

sing1: standard

210 gate] Singer (ed. 1826): “Gait here signifies course, progress. Gait for road, way, path, is still in use in the north. We have this word again in [MND 5.1.416 (2200)] :— ‘Every fairy takes his gait.’ ”

1832 cald2

cald2 ≈ cald1

210 gate]

1833 valpy

valpy: standard

210 gate] Valpy (ed. 1833): “Proceeding.”

1839 knt1

knt1: standard

210 gate] Knight (ed. [1839]): “—progress, the act of going. Thus, in [MND 5.1.416 (2200)],—‘Every fairy takes his gait.’

1854 del2

del2

210 further gate] Delius (ed. 1854): “farther gait = Weiterschreiten, Weitergehen, ist ein Begriff.” [farther gait, meaning walking or going further is one idea.]

1856 hud1

hud1 ≈ sing1, without attribution but claims for himself

210 gate] Hudson (ed. 1856): “Gait here signifies course, progress. Gait for road, way, path, is still in use in the north. We have this word again in [MND 5.1.416 (2200)] :— ‘Every fairy takes his gait.’ H.”

1856 sing2

sing2 = sing1 + in magenta underlined

210 gate] Singer (ed. 1826): “Gait here signifies course, progress. The old copies spell it gate. Gait for road, way, path, is still in use in the north. We have this word again in [MND 5.1.? (0000)] :— ‘Every fairy takes his gait.’ ”

1862 cham

cham: attributed to Steevens but should be to Percy

210 gate]

1868 c&mc

c&mc ≈ sing2 (1st two glosses below) without attribution; valpy (last gloss below) without attribution

210 gate] Clarke & Clarke (ed. 1868): “‘Progress,’ ‘course,’ ‘proceeding.’”

1872 cln1

cln1 : standard + in magenta underlined

210 gate] Clark & Wright (ed. 1872): “proceeding. The word is here used metaphorically. Elsewhere in Shakespeare it means ‘walk’ or ‘mode of walking.’”

cln1

210 in that] Clark & Wright (ed. 1872): “inasmuch as.”

1872 hud2

hud2 = hud1

210 gate]

1877 v1877

v1877 = Nares

210 gate]

1880 meik

meik: standard +

210 gate] Meikeljohn (ed. 1880): “Gait is said to be a doublet or bye-form of gate: and both are connected with ghauts. The original meaning seems to be an opening. (The H. Ger. form is Gasse.) The word really comes from get not from go. Cf. Smith’s imitation of Crabbe in the Rejected Addresses: ‘Bucks, with their pockets empty as their pate, Lax in their gaiters, laxer in their gait.’”

1881 hud3

hud3 = hud2

210 gate]

hud3 = cln1 without attribution +

210 in that] Hudson (ed. 1881): “Often so.”

1883 wh2

wh2 ≈ del2

210 gate] White (ed. 1883): “going.”

1885 macd

macd: standard

210 gate] MacDonald (ed. 1885): “going; advance”

1885 mull

mull: standard

210 gate]

1938 parc

parc

210 gate] Parrott & Craig (ed. 1938): “proceeding.”

1939 kit2

kit2 = rann without attribution

210 gate] Kittredge (ed. 1939): "procedure"

kit2

210-11 leuies, . . . lists, . . . proportions] Kittredge (ed. 1939): "Three synonyms."

1947 cln2

cln2: standard

210 gait] Rylands (ed. 1947): "progress."

1957 pel1

pel1: standard

210 gate] Farnham (ed. 1957): “going”

1958 fol1

fol1: standard

210 His . . . heerin] Wright & LaMar (ed. 1958): “his proceeding in this affair.”

fol1: standard

210 in that] Wright & LaMar (ed. 1958): “on the basis of the fact that.”

1970 pel2

pel2 = pel1

210 gate] Farnham (ed. 1970): “going”

1980 pen2

pen2: standard

210 gate] Spencer (ed. 1980): “proceedings.”

pen2: standard

210 in that] Spencer (ed. 1980): “because.”

1982 ard2

ard2: standard + OED sb2 6

210 gate] Jenkins (ed. 1982): “going, proceeding.”

1985 cam4

cam4

210 gate] Edwards (ed. 1985): "i.e. proceedings."

1987 oxf4

oxf4: standard

210 gate] Hibbard (ed. 1987): "proceeding, going forward (OED gate sb.2 6d)."

1988 bev2

bev2

210 His] Bevington (ed. 1988): “i.e., Fortinbras’s.”

bev2: standard

210 gate] Bevington (ed. 1988): “proceeding.”

bev2: standard

210-12 in . . . subiect] Bevington (ed. 1988): “since the levying of troops and supplies is drawn entirely from the King of Norway’s own subjects.”

1992 fol2

fol2: standard

210 gate] Mowat & Werstine (ed. 1992): “course“

fol2: standard

210-12 in that . . . suiect] Mowat & Werstine (ed. 1992): “i.e., since the troops and supplies are drawn from Norway’s own subjects“

2000 Edelman

Edelman

210 leuies] Edelman (2000): those “enlisted,” selected from a larger group, those mustered. By 1588, the levy referred also to non-combatants assisting the army, such as surgeons.

2006 ard3q2

ard3q2: standard

210 gate] Thompson & Taylor (ed. 2006): “proceeding”

ard3q2: standard

210-11 leuies . . . proportions] Thompson & Taylor (ed. 2006): “i.e. the men, money and other resources”